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The Yomiuri Shimbun August 28, 2013
Use NISA system as pump-priming step water to reinvigorate investment
ＮＩＳＡ 投資活性化の呼び水にしたい（8月27日付・読売社説）
We hope the Nippon Individual Savings Account system, or NISA, will help move individual financial assets held in the form of cash and deposits into investment and revitalize the nation’s economy.
現金や預金として滞留する個人金融資産を投資に誘導し、経済を活性化させる契機としたい。
NISA, a new tax system that offers tax exemptions on capital gains and dividend income from stocks and other investments of up to ¥1 million a year, will be introduced in January next year.
年間１００万円までの株式投資などについて、売却益や配当を非課税とする新税制「ＮＩＳＡ（ニーサ）」が、２０１４年１月にスタートする。
Financial institutions, including securities companies and banks, have already put their efforts to win new customers into full gear.
証券会社や銀行などの金融機関は、すでに新たな顧客獲得を目指す動きを本格化させている。
We applaud that stock markets will be reinvigorated due to competition over services among financial institutions, but they should refrain from forceful solicitation.
サービス競争で株式市場が活気づくのは歓迎だが、強引な勧誘などは控えるべきである。
It is essential to carefully foster NISA by listening to investors so that the new system will become a pump-priming measure to help individual investment take root in this country.
ＮＩＳＡが個人投資を根付かせる呼び水となるよう、利用者の声にもしっかり耳を傾け、大事に育てることが大切だ。
People aged 20 or older and living in Japan can open a NISA account at a financial institutions. The tax exemption period is five years and if ¥1 million is invested every year, the capital gains and dividends on ¥5 million worth of investments will be tax exempt.
金融機関にＮＩＳＡの専用口座を開設できるのは、日本に住む２０歳以上の人だ。非課税期間は５年間で、毎年１００万円ずつ口座を開けば、非課税枠は５００万円まで拡大できる。
The total amount of individual financial assets in Japan is estimated at a massive ¥1.6 quadrillion. However, more than half of those are in cash and deposits. The ratio of stocks and other investments used to fund corporate activity is only about 8 percent, which is far lower than the 34 percent in the United States and 15 percent in Europe.
日本の個人金融資産は約１６００兆円と巨額だ。ただし、その半分以上は現金と預金で占められている。企業の活動資金となる「株式・出資金」の比率は約８％にとどまり、米国の３４％や欧州の１５％よりはるかに低い。
If individual assets, encouraged by NISA, flow into stock markets, it would be beneficial to corporate growth. The spread of long-term investment by individuals for the purpose of asset building will help stabilize stock prices.
ＮＩＳＡに後押しされる形で、個人資金が株式市場に流入していけば、企業の成長促進にとって有益だ。資産形成のため、個人の長期投資が広がることは、株価の安定にも役立つだろう。
Under Britain’s Individual Savings Account system, which NISA is modeled after, 40 percent of the population opened an ISA account.
ＮＩＳＡのお手本となった英国の「ＩＳＡ」の場合、口座開設者が人口の４割に達するという。
Careful explanation essential
To promote wide use of NISA in Japan, it is indispensable for financial institutions to give detailed explanations about the new system to their customers.
日本でも普及させるには、金融機関が顧客に、丁寧に説明することが不可欠といえる。
Rather than placing priority on sales quota or simply stressing NISA’s merits, they must explain risks associated with investments as well as the system’s flaws.
営業ノルマを優先し、メリットばかり強調するのではなく、投資に伴うリスクや短所も、きちんと伝える姿勢が求められる。
For example, if losses are incurred due to a drop in the value of stocks and investment trusts, investors are not eligible for tax exemptions. Another problem is that if investors open a NISA account at a financial institution that only handles investment trusts, they cannot invest in particular stocks.
例えば、株式や投資信託が値下がりして損失を出すと、非課税の恩恵は受けられない。投資信託しか扱わない会社で口座を開くと、株式の個別銘柄などには投資できないという問題もある。
We urge people considering a NISA account to think carefully about selecting the financial institution where they will open their NISA account.
ＮＩＳＡを始める人は、口座をどの金融機関に開くか、よく考えて選択してもらいたい。
One person can only open one NISA account in principle and in the first four years, the individual must keep investing at the same financial institution. This is inconvenient for investors and is believed to be one reason financial institutions are desperately trying to attract and keep customers.
ＮＩＳＡは原則１人１口座で、当初４年は毎年、同じ金融機関でしか口座を開けない仕組みだ。利用者には不便なうえに、金融機関が顧客の囲い込みに必死になる要因とも指摘される。
It is said that the Financial Services Agency plans to change this regulation so people can switch their NISA accounts to a different financial institution every year. The government should discuss changes to NISA to encourage its use by more people.
金融庁は、口座を開設する金融機関を毎年変えられるよう改める方針という。ＮＩＳＡの利用拡大を図るためにも、政府は制度の手直しを検討すべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 27, 2013)
（2013年8月27日02時03分 読売新聞）
Use NISA system as pump-priming step water to reinvigorate investment
ＮＩＳＡ 投資活性化の呼び水にしたい（8月27日付・読売社説）
We hope the Nippon Individual Savings Account system, or NISA, will help move individual financial assets held in the form of cash and deposits into investment and revitalize the nation’s economy.
現金や預金として滞留する個人金融資産を投資に誘導し、経済を活性化させる契機としたい。
NISA, a new tax system that offers tax exemptions on capital gains and dividend income from stocks and other investments of up to ¥1 million a year, will be introduced in January next year.
年間１００万円までの株式投資などについて、売却益や配当を非課税とする新税制「ＮＩＳＡ（ニーサ）」が、２０１４年１月にスタートする。
Financial institutions, including securities companies and banks, have already put their efforts to win new customers into full gear.
証券会社や銀行などの金融機関は、すでに新たな顧客獲得を目指す動きを本格化させている。
We applaud that stock markets will be reinvigorated due to competition over services among financial institutions, but they should refrain from forceful solicitation.
サービス競争で株式市場が活気づくのは歓迎だが、強引な勧誘などは控えるべきである。
It is essential to carefully foster NISA by listening to investors so that the new system will become a pump-priming measure to help individual investment take root in this country.
ＮＩＳＡが個人投資を根付かせる呼び水となるよう、利用者の声にもしっかり耳を傾け、大事に育てることが大切だ。
People aged 20 or older and living in Japan can open a NISA account at a financial institutions. The tax exemption period is five years and if ¥1 million is invested every year, the capital gains and dividends on ¥5 million worth of investments will be tax exempt.
金融機関にＮＩＳＡの専用口座を開設できるのは、日本に住む２０歳以上の人だ。非課税期間は５年間で、毎年１００万円ずつ口座を開けば、非課税枠は５００万円まで拡大できる。
The total amount of individual financial assets in Japan is estimated at a massive ¥1.6 quadrillion. However, more than half of those are in cash and deposits. The ratio of stocks and other investments used to fund corporate activity is only about 8 percent, which is far lower than the 34 percent in the United States and 15 percent in Europe.
日本の個人金融資産は約１６００兆円と巨額だ。ただし、その半分以上は現金と預金で占められている。企業の活動資金となる「株式・出資金」の比率は約８％にとどまり、米国の３４％や欧州の１５％よりはるかに低い。
If individual assets, encouraged by NISA, flow into stock markets, it would be beneficial to corporate growth. The spread of long-term investment by individuals for the purpose of asset building will help stabilize stock prices.
ＮＩＳＡに後押しされる形で、個人資金が株式市場に流入していけば、企業の成長促進にとって有益だ。資産形成のため、個人の長期投資が広がることは、株価の安定にも役立つだろう。
Under Britain’s Individual Savings Account system, which NISA is modeled after, 40 percent of the population opened an ISA account.
ＮＩＳＡのお手本となった英国の「ＩＳＡ」の場合、口座開設者が人口の４割に達するという。
Careful explanation essential
To promote wide use of NISA in Japan, it is indispensable for financial institutions to give detailed explanations about the new system to their customers.
日本でも普及させるには、金融機関が顧客に、丁寧に説明することが不可欠といえる。
Rather than placing priority on sales quota or simply stressing NISA’s merits, they must explain risks associated with investments as well as the system’s flaws.
営業ノルマを優先し、メリットばかり強調するのではなく、投資に伴うリスクや短所も、きちんと伝える姿勢が求められる。
For example, if losses are incurred due to a drop in the value of stocks and investment trusts, investors are not eligible for tax exemptions. Another problem is that if investors open a NISA account at a financial institution that only handles investment trusts, they cannot invest in particular stocks.
例えば、株式や投資信託が値下がりして損失を出すと、非課税の恩恵は受けられない。投資信託しか扱わない会社で口座を開くと、株式の個別銘柄などには投資できないという問題もある。
We urge people considering a NISA account to think carefully about selecting the financial institution where they will open their NISA account.
ＮＩＳＡを始める人は、口座をどの金融機関に開くか、よく考えて選択してもらいたい。
One person can only open one NISA account in principle and in the first four years, the individual must keep investing at the same financial institution. This is inconvenient for investors and is believed to be one reason financial institutions are desperately trying to attract and keep customers.
ＮＩＳＡは原則１人１口座で、当初４年は毎年、同じ金融機関でしか口座を開けない仕組みだ。利用者には不便なうえに、金融機関が顧客の囲い込みに必死になる要因とも指摘される。
It is said that the Financial Services Agency plans to change this regulation so people can switch their NISA accounts to a different financial institution every year. The government should discuss changes to NISA to encourage its use by more people.
金融庁は、口座を開設する金融機関を毎年変えられるよう改める方針という。ＮＩＳＡの利用拡大を図るためにも、政府は制度の手直しを検討すべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 27, 2013)
（2013年8月27日02時03分 読売新聞）
The Yomiuri Shimbun August 27, 2013
Deepen strategic ties with nations of GCC to ensure energy security
首相中東訪問 資源確保へ戦略的協力深めよ（8月26日付・読売社説）
To ensure stable supplies of energy resources to this country, it is crucial to deepen strategic cooperation with the member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council.
エネルギー資源の安定的な確保に向け、日本が湾岸協力会議（ＧＣＣ）各国と戦略的な協力を深める意義は大きい。
On Saturday, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe visited Bahrain, the chair of the GCC, and had talks with Prime Minister Prince Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa.
安倍首相がＧＣＣ議長国のバーレーンを訪問し、ハリファ首相と会談した。
The two leaders agreed to hold strategic ministerial dialogues between Japan and the GCC, while setting up a framework for working-level security talks. Signs are that the strategic dialogues may begin as early as September.
日本とＧＣＣの閣僚級戦略対話の開始や、事務レベルの安全保障対話の新設で一致した。戦略対話は９月にも開かれる見通しだ。
The GCC, a regional organization comprising six Middle East nations facing the Persian Gulf, groups Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait and Oman.
ＧＣＣは、同国と、サウジアラビア、アラブ首長国連邦（ＵＡＥ）、カタール、クウェート、オマーンの計６か国で構成される。
Abe, who visited Saudi Arabia and the UAE in spring this year, will also visit Qatar and Kuwait on the current trip.
安倍首相は、今春にサウジとＵＡＥを訪れており、今回はカタール、クウェートも歴訪する。
Japan depends on GCC members for more than 70 percent of its annual crude oil imports amid the country’s stringent energy supply-demand situation caused by delays in the resumption of nuclear power plant operations after the March 11, 2011, Great East Japan Earthquake.
原子力発電所の再稼働が進まずにエネルギー需給が逼迫(ひっぱく)する中、日本が原油の年間輸入量の７割超をＧＣＣ各国に依存していることを踏まえたものだ。
The Persian Gulf’s maritime shipping lanes for transporting crude oil and other resources are vitally important to the Japanese economy. Continual consultations must be held on such issues as securing the sea lanes and preparing antipiracy countermeasures as part of the strategic Japan-GCC dialogues.
原油などを運ぶペルシャ湾の海上交通路（シーレーン）は、日本にとって死活的な重要性を持つ。戦略対話では、シーレーンの安全確保策や海賊対策などを継続的に協議することが大切である。
In January, Japanese nationals were taken hostage in Algeria. As part of the Japan-GCC dialogues, information about terrorist activities by extremists in the Middle East and Africa must be shared.
１月にはアルジェリアで邦人人質事件が発生した。中東・アフリカの過激派によるテロ情報の共有・交換も着実に進めるべきだ。
Conducive to ME peace
As chances of having summit talks with China and South Korea in the near future appear slim, Abe has focused his diplomatic efforts on the Middle East and Southeast Asia.
安倍首相は、中国、韓国との首脳会談ができない中、対中東・東南アジア外交を重視している。
Expediting efforts to strengthen ties with these regions’ mid-level countries will most likely earn Japan a precious diplomatic asset from the mid- and long-term points of view.
こうした中堅国との関係を強化することは、中長期的に日本外交の貴重な“財産”となるはずだ。
In the Mideast, the situations in Egypt and Syria have been deteriorating alarmingly amid discussions on the problems of Iran’s nuclear development programs and Middle East peace negotiations. Building up strategic relations between Japan and the GCC nations may indirectly help stabilize the Middle East as a whole.
中東では今、エジプト、シリア情勢が悪化する一方、イランの核開発問題の協議や中東和平交渉が続く。日本のＧＣＣとの戦略的関係の構築は、中東全体の安定に向けた側面支援にもつながろう。
In Saturday’s talks, Japan and Bahrain agreed to resume talks on a Japan-GCC free trade agreement and expand cooperation in such fields as agriculture, railways and medical services.
首脳会談では経済分野で、日本とＧＣＣの自由貿易協定（ＦＴＡ）交渉の再開や、農業・鉄道・医療分野の協力拡大で合意した。
In the current tour of Middle East countries, Abe is accompanied by an economic mission comprising about 50 people, who represent mostly private-sector businesses. This is because a number of large-scale infrastructure development projects have been planned in the GCC countries, including some in Qatar, which will host the 2022 World Cup soccer tournament.
安倍首相の歴訪には、５０人規模の民間企業関係者らが同行している。２０２２年にサッカー・ワールドカップを開催するカタールをはじめ各国で、大型の社会資本整備が予定されているためだ。
Economic cooperation between the two sides should be encouraged in a way reciprocally beneficial to Japan and the GCC.
日本、ＧＣＣ双方の利益となるよう経済面の連携を進めたい。
The prime minister will visit Djibouti on Tuesday to encourage Maritime Self-Defense Force members engaged in antipiracy activities in the Gulf of Aden off Somalia. The MSDF has been enhancing its presence in the region by dispatching destroyers and P-3C surveillance aircraft.
首相は２７日にジブチを訪れ、アデン湾で海賊対処行動に従事する海上自衛隊員を激励する。海自は護衛艦とＰ３Ｃ哨戒機を派遣し、日本の存在感を高めている。
Abe’s words of encouragement will be sure to help improve the morale of the MSDF personnel. The prime minister has often expressed his appreciation of the roles of the Self-Defense Forces, frequently visiting SDF troops in various places. We hope the prime minister will continue this practice.
首相の激励は隊員の士気を高めよう。首相は従来、自衛隊の役割を高く評価し、各地で部隊訪問を重ねている。今後も、こうした姿勢を維持してもらいたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 26, 2013)
（2013年8月26日01時17分 読売新聞）
Deepen strategic ties with nations of GCC to ensure energy security
首相中東訪問 資源確保へ戦略的協力深めよ（8月26日付・読売社説）
To ensure stable supplies of energy resources to this country, it is crucial to deepen strategic cooperation with the member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council.
エネルギー資源の安定的な確保に向け、日本が湾岸協力会議（ＧＣＣ）各国と戦略的な協力を深める意義は大きい。
On Saturday, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe visited Bahrain, the chair of the GCC, and had talks with Prime Minister Prince Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa.
安倍首相がＧＣＣ議長国のバーレーンを訪問し、ハリファ首相と会談した。
The two leaders agreed to hold strategic ministerial dialogues between Japan and the GCC, while setting up a framework for working-level security talks. Signs are that the strategic dialogues may begin as early as September.
日本とＧＣＣの閣僚級戦略対話の開始や、事務レベルの安全保障対話の新設で一致した。戦略対話は９月にも開かれる見通しだ。
The GCC, a regional organization comprising six Middle East nations facing the Persian Gulf, groups Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait and Oman.
ＧＣＣは、同国と、サウジアラビア、アラブ首長国連邦（ＵＡＥ）、カタール、クウェート、オマーンの計６か国で構成される。
Abe, who visited Saudi Arabia and the UAE in spring this year, will also visit Qatar and Kuwait on the current trip.
安倍首相は、今春にサウジとＵＡＥを訪れており、今回はカタール、クウェートも歴訪する。
Japan depends on GCC members for more than 70 percent of its annual crude oil imports amid the country’s stringent energy supply-demand situation caused by delays in the resumption of nuclear power plant operations after the March 11, 2011, Great East Japan Earthquake.
原子力発電所の再稼働が進まずにエネルギー需給が逼迫(ひっぱく)する中、日本が原油の年間輸入量の７割超をＧＣＣ各国に依存していることを踏まえたものだ。
The Persian Gulf’s maritime shipping lanes for transporting crude oil and other resources are vitally important to the Japanese economy. Continual consultations must be held on such issues as securing the sea lanes and preparing antipiracy countermeasures as part of the strategic Japan-GCC dialogues.
原油などを運ぶペルシャ湾の海上交通路（シーレーン）は、日本にとって死活的な重要性を持つ。戦略対話では、シーレーンの安全確保策や海賊対策などを継続的に協議することが大切である。
In January, Japanese nationals were taken hostage in Algeria. As part of the Japan-GCC dialogues, information about terrorist activities by extremists in the Middle East and Africa must be shared.
１月にはアルジェリアで邦人人質事件が発生した。中東・アフリカの過激派によるテロ情報の共有・交換も着実に進めるべきだ。
Conducive to ME peace
As chances of having summit talks with China and South Korea in the near future appear slim, Abe has focused his diplomatic efforts on the Middle East and Southeast Asia.
安倍首相は、中国、韓国との首脳会談ができない中、対中東・東南アジア外交を重視している。
Expediting efforts to strengthen ties with these regions’ mid-level countries will most likely earn Japan a precious diplomatic asset from the mid- and long-term points of view.
こうした中堅国との関係を強化することは、中長期的に日本外交の貴重な“財産”となるはずだ。
In the Mideast, the situations in Egypt and Syria have been deteriorating alarmingly amid discussions on the problems of Iran’s nuclear development programs and Middle East peace negotiations. Building up strategic relations between Japan and the GCC nations may indirectly help stabilize the Middle East as a whole.
中東では今、エジプト、シリア情勢が悪化する一方、イランの核開発問題の協議や中東和平交渉が続く。日本のＧＣＣとの戦略的関係の構築は、中東全体の安定に向けた側面支援にもつながろう。
In Saturday’s talks, Japan and Bahrain agreed to resume talks on a Japan-GCC free trade agreement and expand cooperation in such fields as agriculture, railways and medical services.
首脳会談では経済分野で、日本とＧＣＣの自由貿易協定（ＦＴＡ）交渉の再開や、農業・鉄道・医療分野の協力拡大で合意した。
In the current tour of Middle East countries, Abe is accompanied by an economic mission comprising about 50 people, who represent mostly private-sector businesses. This is because a number of large-scale infrastructure development projects have been planned in the GCC countries, including some in Qatar, which will host the 2022 World Cup soccer tournament.
安倍首相の歴訪には、５０人規模の民間企業関係者らが同行している。２０２２年にサッカー・ワールドカップを開催するカタールをはじめ各国で、大型の社会資本整備が予定されているためだ。
Economic cooperation between the two sides should be encouraged in a way reciprocally beneficial to Japan and the GCC.
日本、ＧＣＣ双方の利益となるよう経済面の連携を進めたい。
The prime minister will visit Djibouti on Tuesday to encourage Maritime Self-Defense Force members engaged in antipiracy activities in the Gulf of Aden off Somalia. The MSDF has been enhancing its presence in the region by dispatching destroyers and P-3C surveillance aircraft.
首相は２７日にジブチを訪れ、アデン湾で海賊対処行動に従事する海上自衛隊員を激励する。海自は護衛艦とＰ３Ｃ哨戒機を派遣し、日本の存在感を高めている。
Abe’s words of encouragement will be sure to help improve the morale of the MSDF personnel. The prime minister has often expressed his appreciation of the roles of the Self-Defense Forces, frequently visiting SDF troops in various places. We hope the prime minister will continue this practice.
首相の激励は隊員の士気を高めよう。首相は従来、自衛隊の役割を高く評価し、各地で部隊訪問を重ねている。今後も、こうした姿勢を維持してもらいたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 26, 2013)
（2013年8月26日01時17分 読売新聞）
The Yomiuri Shimbun August 26, 2013
Should ‘Barefoot Gen’ be stricted from educational point of view?
「はだしのゲン」 教育上の配慮をどう考えるか（8月25日付・読売社説）
The ripples are spreading after the Matsue Municipal Board of Education requested that the city’s public primary and middle schools restrict student access to “Hadashi no Gen” (Barefoot Gen), the signature work by late manga author Keiji Nakazawa that depicts the horror of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.
原爆の悲惨さを描いた漫画家・中沢啓治さんの代表作「はだしのゲン」について、松江市教育委員会が市立小中学校に閲覧の制限を要請したことが波紋を広げている。
Students in the capital of Shimane Prefecture are now unable to read freely this 10-volume manga series at most school libraries unless they get special permission from their teachers.
現在、松江市内の大半の学校図書館では、教師の許可がないと子供が自由にこの作品を読むことができない状態が続いている。
The education board judged that the manga’s graphic depictions of the Hiroshima bombing and its aftermath were not a problem. However, it decided that some descriptions of actions involving Imperial Japanese Army soldiers in other Asian nations were extreme and inappropriate.
市教委は生々しい原爆被害の場面ではなく、旧日本軍にかかわる描写の一部を、過激で不適切と判断した。
The problematic scenes in “Barefoot Gen” included beheadings of non-Japanese Asians just for fun, slicing open the abdomen of a pregnant woman to pull out her baby, and the brutal killing of other women.
アジアの人の首を面白半分に切り落とす。妊婦の腹を切り裂いて、中の赤ん坊を引っ張り出す。女性を惨殺する、といった描写についてだ。
The municipal board of education apparently limited access to the manga in consideration of the nature of libraries at primary and middle schools, where children become familiar with books as they grow up.
成長過程の子供が本に親しむ小中学校図書館の性格を考えて、市教委がとった措置と言えよう。
The Constitution guarantees the freedom of expression, and states, “No censorship shall be maintained.”
憲法は、表現の自由を保障し、検閲を禁じている。市民が広く利用する一般の公立図書館で蔵書の閲覧を制限することは、こうした観点から許されない。
Restricting access to books available at an ordinary public library open to citizens can never be permissible in light of the spirit of the Constitution.
ただ、小中学校図書館を一般図書館と同列に論じることは適切ではあるまい。
However, it may not be fair to treat libraries at primary and middle schools in the same way as ordinary libraries. The possible impact books can have on children must be taken into account. There may be cases in which meticulous care must be taken in accordance with the stages of children’s physical and mental development.
作品が子供に与える影響を考える必要がある。心身の発達段階に応じた細かな対応が求められるケースもあるだろう。
Doubtful claims
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Minister Hakubun Shimomura said the board’s decision “should be considered as representing one way of thinking.” He added that “due consideration should be paid from an educational point of view” on the matter. We think his view is reasonable.
下村文部科学相が「市教委の判断は一つの考え方。教育上の配慮はするべきだと思う」と述べたことはもっともである。
“Barefoot Gen” is based on Nakazawa’s own experience of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. The story’s protagonist, Gen, is a boy who bravely overcomes a number of hardships in spite of losing relatives in the bombing.
「はだしのゲン」は、広島での中沢さん自身の被爆体験が基になっている。肉親を失った主人公の少年が困難に直面しながらも、たくましく生き抜く物語だ。
The manga series started in 1973 in the Shukan Shonen Jump comic weekly and was carried in several magazines during a run that lasted more than 10 years. When published as an independent book, “Barefoot Gen” became a best seller. The story has been translated into about 20 languages and published in many countries.
１９７３年に週刊少年ジャンプで連載がスタート、掲載誌を替えながら、１０年以上続いた。単行本はベストセラーとなった。約２０か国語に翻訳・出版されている。
Initially, some of the scenes depicting Hiroshima just after the atomic bombing were criticized as being excessively graphic, but there can be no doubt such descriptions conveyed the appalling reality of the bombing.
連載当初は、広島の被爆シーンがリアルすぎるとの批判もあったが、そうした描写こそが原爆の惨禍の実相を伝えてきた。
Given that survivors of the nuclear bombing are aging and passing on memories of the war has become a pressing task, “Barefoot Gen” is definitely a valuable work of literature.
被爆者の高齢化が進み、戦争体験の継承が大きな課題になっている中、「はだしのゲン」が貴重な作品であるのは間違いない。
On the other hand, the closing stages also make assertions apparently designed to favor a particular political standpoint, making flimsy claims including that the former Imperial Japanese Army “brutally killed more than 30 million people in other Asian countries such as China and Korea in the name of the Emperor.”
その一方で、作品の終盤では、「天皇陛下のためだという名目で日本軍は中国、朝鮮、アジアの各国で約３０００万人以上の人を残酷に殺してきた」といった根拠に乏しい、特定の政治的立場にも通じる主張が出てくる。
While it is, of course, essential to respect freedom of expression, due attention should be paid at the same time to the manga’s impact on children’s education.
表現の自由を尊重しつつ、同時に教育上の影響にも目配りする。
The decision by the Matsue board of education has brought to the fore the question of where schools should draw the line in exposing children to items of literature as part of their education.
学びの場で児童生徒が様々な作品に接する際、学校側がどこまで配慮すべきかという問題を、松江市のケースは投げかけている。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 25, 2013)
（2013年8月25日01時25分 読売新聞）
Should ‘Barefoot Gen’ be stricted from educational point of view?
「はだしのゲン」 教育上の配慮をどう考えるか（8月25日付・読売社説）
The ripples are spreading after the Matsue Municipal Board of Education requested that the city’s public primary and middle schools restrict student access to “Hadashi no Gen” (Barefoot Gen), the signature work by late manga author Keiji Nakazawa that depicts the horror of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.
原爆の悲惨さを描いた漫画家・中沢啓治さんの代表作「はだしのゲン」について、松江市教育委員会が市立小中学校に閲覧の制限を要請したことが波紋を広げている。
Students in the capital of Shimane Prefecture are now unable to read freely this 10-volume manga series at most school libraries unless they get special permission from their teachers.
現在、松江市内の大半の学校図書館では、教師の許可がないと子供が自由にこの作品を読むことができない状態が続いている。
The education board judged that the manga’s graphic depictions of the Hiroshima bombing and its aftermath were not a problem. However, it decided that some descriptions of actions involving Imperial Japanese Army soldiers in other Asian nations were extreme and inappropriate.
市教委は生々しい原爆被害の場面ではなく、旧日本軍にかかわる描写の一部を、過激で不適切と判断した。
The problematic scenes in “Barefoot Gen” included beheadings of non-Japanese Asians just for fun, slicing open the abdomen of a pregnant woman to pull out her baby, and the brutal killing of other women.
アジアの人の首を面白半分に切り落とす。妊婦の腹を切り裂いて、中の赤ん坊を引っ張り出す。女性を惨殺する、といった描写についてだ。
The municipal board of education apparently limited access to the manga in consideration of the nature of libraries at primary and middle schools, where children become familiar with books as they grow up.
成長過程の子供が本に親しむ小中学校図書館の性格を考えて、市教委がとった措置と言えよう。
The Constitution guarantees the freedom of expression, and states, “No censorship shall be maintained.”
憲法は、表現の自由を保障し、検閲を禁じている。市民が広く利用する一般の公立図書館で蔵書の閲覧を制限することは、こうした観点から許されない。
Restricting access to books available at an ordinary public library open to citizens can never be permissible in light of the spirit of the Constitution.
ただ、小中学校図書館を一般図書館と同列に論じることは適切ではあるまい。
However, it may not be fair to treat libraries at primary and middle schools in the same way as ordinary libraries. The possible impact books can have on children must be taken into account. There may be cases in which meticulous care must be taken in accordance with the stages of children’s physical and mental development.
作品が子供に与える影響を考える必要がある。心身の発達段階に応じた細かな対応が求められるケースもあるだろう。
Doubtful claims
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Minister Hakubun Shimomura said the board’s decision “should be considered as representing one way of thinking.” He added that “due consideration should be paid from an educational point of view” on the matter. We think his view is reasonable.
下村文部科学相が「市教委の判断は一つの考え方。教育上の配慮はするべきだと思う」と述べたことはもっともである。
“Barefoot Gen” is based on Nakazawa’s own experience of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. The story’s protagonist, Gen, is a boy who bravely overcomes a number of hardships in spite of losing relatives in the bombing.
「はだしのゲン」は、広島での中沢さん自身の被爆体験が基になっている。肉親を失った主人公の少年が困難に直面しながらも、たくましく生き抜く物語だ。
The manga series started in 1973 in the Shukan Shonen Jump comic weekly and was carried in several magazines during a run that lasted more than 10 years. When published as an independent book, “Barefoot Gen” became a best seller. The story has been translated into about 20 languages and published in many countries.
１９７３年に週刊少年ジャンプで連載がスタート、掲載誌を替えながら、１０年以上続いた。単行本はベストセラーとなった。約２０か国語に翻訳・出版されている。
Initially, some of the scenes depicting Hiroshima just after the atomic bombing were criticized as being excessively graphic, but there can be no doubt such descriptions conveyed the appalling reality of the bombing.
連載当初は、広島の被爆シーンがリアルすぎるとの批判もあったが、そうした描写こそが原爆の惨禍の実相を伝えてきた。
Given that survivors of the nuclear bombing are aging and passing on memories of the war has become a pressing task, “Barefoot Gen” is definitely a valuable work of literature.
被爆者の高齢化が進み、戦争体験の継承が大きな課題になっている中、「はだしのゲン」が貴重な作品であるのは間違いない。
On the other hand, the closing stages also make assertions apparently designed to favor a particular political standpoint, making flimsy claims including that the former Imperial Japanese Army “brutally killed more than 30 million people in other Asian countries such as China and Korea in the name of the Emperor.”
その一方で、作品の終盤では、「天皇陛下のためだという名目で日本軍は中国、朝鮮、アジアの各国で約３０００万人以上の人を残酷に殺してきた」といった根拠に乏しい、特定の政治的立場にも通じる主張が出てくる。
While it is, of course, essential to respect freedom of expression, due attention should be paid at the same time to the manga’s impact on children’s education.
表現の自由を尊重しつつ、同時に教育上の影響にも目配りする。
The decision by the Matsue board of education has brought to the fore the question of where schools should draw the line in exposing children to items of literature as part of their education.
学びの場で児童生徒が様々な作品に接する際、学校側がどこまで配慮すべきかという問題を、松江市のケースは投げかけている。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 25, 2013)
（2013年8月25日01時25分 読売新聞）
The Yomiuri Shimbun August 25, 2013
China’s hegemonic ambition heightening regional tension
中国海洋強国化 地域の緊張高める覇権主義（8月24日付・読売社説）
The administration of Chinese President Xi Jinping, which has been stepping up efforts to make the country a great maritime power, seems to have more fully revealed its hard-line stance through a recent statement by the Chinese defense chief in the United States.
「海洋強国化」を加速する中国の習近平政権が強硬姿勢を一段と鮮明にしたと言えよう。
In a joint news conference with U.S. Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel held after their meeting, Chinese Defense Minister Chang Wanquan warned that nobody should have the idea that China would ever relinquish its core interests.
米国を訪れた中国の常万全国防相は、ヘーゲル米国防長官との会談後の共同記者会見で、「中国が核心的利益を手放すと夢想すべきではない」と強調した。
This was a peremptory statement, as he clearly had in mind the confrontation with Japan over the Senkaku Islands in Okinawa Prefecture and friction with Vietnam and the Philippines over sovereignty in the South China Sea. Chang went on to say that China’s determination to defend its territory, sovereignty and maritime interests should not be underestimated.
沖縄県・尖閣諸島を巡る日本との対立や、南シナ海の領有権問題でのベトナム、フィリピンとの摩擦を念頭に置いた威圧的発言である。常氏は「我々の領土、主権、海洋権益を守る決意を過小評価すべきではない」とも語った。
His statement echoes Xi’s remarks at a key conference in late July that “core interests cannot be sacrificed” and his resolve to build a “strong maritime state.”
習国家主席が７月末の重要会議で、「核心的利益は犠牲にできない」と、「海洋強国」建設へ決意表明したことを受けたものだ。
Chang’s warning could be intended as a check on the Asia-focused military strategy of the administration of U.S. President Barack Obama. It was also likely meant to put pressure on Japan prior to the first anniversary of the Japanese government’s nationalization of the Senkakus in September.
オバマ米政権の「アジア重視」の軍事戦略に対する牽制(けんせい)だろう。日本政府の尖閣諸島国有化から９月で１年になるのを前に、日本に圧力をかける狙いもある。
On Aug. 15, the 68th anniversary of the end of World War II, the Chinese military conducted live-fire drills and other training with the aircraft carrier Liaoning. These might be intended as threats to Japan.
終戦の日の８月１５日、中国軍が東シナ海での実弾演習と、空母「遼寧」の訓練を実施したのも、日本への威嚇のつもりなのだろう。
Xi has said that China will never seek to reign supreme. But backed by its strong military power, China has been trying to forcibly impound the sea, a common resource, thereby achieving hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region.
習氏は「中国は決して覇権を唱えない」と言うが、強大な軍事力を背景に公共財である海洋を力ずくで囲い込み、アジア太平洋地域で覇権を握ろうとしている。
Accidental clashes feared
In light of the January incident in which Chinese Navy ships locked weapons-targeting radar onto a Maritime Self-Defense Force vessel near the Senkakus, the Xi administration’s hard-line stance may provoke Chinese troops to engage in radical and provocative actions in the field.
尖閣諸島周辺で１月、中国海軍艦艇によるレーダー照射事件が起きたように、習政権の強硬姿勢は、現場部隊の過激な挑発行動を煽(あお)る可能性がある。
Japan must tighten its guard around the Senkakus.
日本は尖閣諸島周辺の警戒を強めねばならない。
To prevent accidental military clashes involving ships and aircraft, it is necessary to accelerate the building of a “maritime communications mechanism” between Japanese and Chinese military authorties. The Xi administration must proceed with talks on the matter as long as it claims to seek “peaceful development.”
艦艇や航空機の偶発的な軍事衝突を回避するために、日中防衛当局間の緊急連絡体制である「海上連絡メカニズム」の構築を急ぐ必要がある。習政権は「平和発展」を掲げている以上、協議を進めるべきではないか。
The situation is no less serious in the South China Sea. China last year took control of the Scarborough Shoal, over which the Philippines also claims sovereignty, and has its government ships patrol around the shoal.
南シナ海でも同様に事態は深刻だ。中国とフィリピンが領有権を巡って対立するスカボロー礁では昨年、中国が支配権を確立し、公船の巡回を常態化させている。
The United States and the Philippines entered into negotiations in the middle of this month to conclude a new agreement that would increase the frequency and expand the scale of U.S. military patrols. This is a concrete step to push the new Asia-centered U.S. strategy and a laudable strengthening of deterrence against China.
米国はフィリピンとの間で、米軍の巡回頻度と展開規模を拡大する新協定締結に向けた協議を今月中旬から始めた。「アジア重視」戦略の具体化であり、対中抑止力を強める動きと評価できよう。
Japan will provide 10 patrol boats to the Philippines. These ships will help improve the country’s maritime security capabilities. Cooperation must also be deepened in terms of personnel development.
日本は巡視船１０隻を供与する。フィリピンの海上保安能力の向上に寄与するだろう。人材養成面でも協力を深めたい。
It is crucial for Japan to emphasize the unjustness of China’s provocations in international forums, including the expanded defense ministerial conference of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations to be held later this month.
今月末の東南アジア諸国連合（ＡＳＥＡＮ）拡大国防相会議などで、日本は中国の挑発の不当さを訴えていくことが重要だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 24, 2013)
（2013年8月24日01時11分 読売新聞）
China’s hegemonic ambition heightening regional tension
中国海洋強国化 地域の緊張高める覇権主義（8月24日付・読売社説）
The administration of Chinese President Xi Jinping, which has been stepping up efforts to make the country a great maritime power, seems to have more fully revealed its hard-line stance through a recent statement by the Chinese defense chief in the United States.
「海洋強国化」を加速する中国の習近平政権が強硬姿勢を一段と鮮明にしたと言えよう。
In a joint news conference with U.S. Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel held after their meeting, Chinese Defense Minister Chang Wanquan warned that nobody should have the idea that China would ever relinquish its core interests.
米国を訪れた中国の常万全国防相は、ヘーゲル米国防長官との会談後の共同記者会見で、「中国が核心的利益を手放すと夢想すべきではない」と強調した。
This was a peremptory statement, as he clearly had in mind the confrontation with Japan over the Senkaku Islands in Okinawa Prefecture and friction with Vietnam and the Philippines over sovereignty in the South China Sea. Chang went on to say that China’s determination to defend its territory, sovereignty and maritime interests should not be underestimated.
沖縄県・尖閣諸島を巡る日本との対立や、南シナ海の領有権問題でのベトナム、フィリピンとの摩擦を念頭に置いた威圧的発言である。常氏は「我々の領土、主権、海洋権益を守る決意を過小評価すべきではない」とも語った。
His statement echoes Xi’s remarks at a key conference in late July that “core interests cannot be sacrificed” and his resolve to build a “strong maritime state.”
習国家主席が７月末の重要会議で、「核心的利益は犠牲にできない」と、「海洋強国」建設へ決意表明したことを受けたものだ。
Chang’s warning could be intended as a check on the Asia-focused military strategy of the administration of U.S. President Barack Obama. It was also likely meant to put pressure on Japan prior to the first anniversary of the Japanese government’s nationalization of the Senkakus in September.
オバマ米政権の「アジア重視」の軍事戦略に対する牽制(けんせい)だろう。日本政府の尖閣諸島国有化から９月で１年になるのを前に、日本に圧力をかける狙いもある。
On Aug. 15, the 68th anniversary of the end of World War II, the Chinese military conducted live-fire drills and other training with the aircraft carrier Liaoning. These might be intended as threats to Japan.
終戦の日の８月１５日、中国軍が東シナ海での実弾演習と、空母「遼寧」の訓練を実施したのも、日本への威嚇のつもりなのだろう。
Xi has said that China will never seek to reign supreme. But backed by its strong military power, China has been trying to forcibly impound the sea, a common resource, thereby achieving hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region.
習氏は「中国は決して覇権を唱えない」と言うが、強大な軍事力を背景に公共財である海洋を力ずくで囲い込み、アジア太平洋地域で覇権を握ろうとしている。
Accidental clashes feared
In light of the January incident in which Chinese Navy ships locked weapons-targeting radar onto a Maritime Self-Defense Force vessel near the Senkakus, the Xi administration’s hard-line stance may provoke Chinese troops to engage in radical and provocative actions in the field.
尖閣諸島周辺で１月、中国海軍艦艇によるレーダー照射事件が起きたように、習政権の強硬姿勢は、現場部隊の過激な挑発行動を煽(あお)る可能性がある。
Japan must tighten its guard around the Senkakus.
日本は尖閣諸島周辺の警戒を強めねばならない。
To prevent accidental military clashes involving ships and aircraft, it is necessary to accelerate the building of a “maritime communications mechanism” between Japanese and Chinese military authorties. The Xi administration must proceed with talks on the matter as long as it claims to seek “peaceful development.”
艦艇や航空機の偶発的な軍事衝突を回避するために、日中防衛当局間の緊急連絡体制である「海上連絡メカニズム」の構築を急ぐ必要がある。習政権は「平和発展」を掲げている以上、協議を進めるべきではないか。
The situation is no less serious in the South China Sea. China last year took control of the Scarborough Shoal, over which the Philippines also claims sovereignty, and has its government ships patrol around the shoal.
南シナ海でも同様に事態は深刻だ。中国とフィリピンが領有権を巡って対立するスカボロー礁では昨年、中国が支配権を確立し、公船の巡回を常態化させている。
The United States and the Philippines entered into negotiations in the middle of this month to conclude a new agreement that would increase the frequency and expand the scale of U.S. military patrols. This is a concrete step to push the new Asia-centered U.S. strategy and a laudable strengthening of deterrence against China.
米国はフィリピンとの間で、米軍の巡回頻度と展開規模を拡大する新協定締結に向けた協議を今月中旬から始めた。「アジア重視」戦略の具体化であり、対中抑止力を強める動きと評価できよう。
Japan will provide 10 patrol boats to the Philippines. These ships will help improve the country’s maritime security capabilities. Cooperation must also be deepened in terms of personnel development.
日本は巡視船１０隻を供与する。フィリピンの海上保安能力の向上に寄与するだろう。人材養成面でも協力を深めたい。
It is crucial for Japan to emphasize the unjustness of China’s provocations in international forums, including the expanded defense ministerial conference of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations to be held later this month.
今月末の東南アジア諸国連合（ＡＳＥＡＮ）拡大国防相会議などで、日本は中国の挑発の不当さを訴えていくことが重要だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 24, 2013)
（2013年8月24日01時11分 読売新聞）
The Yomiuri Shimbun August 24, 2013
Japan must proceed with TPP talks without being chafed by U.S. intent
ＴＰＰ交渉 米国のペースに惑わされるな（8月23日付・読売社説）
The current round of Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations is the first in which Japan has taken full part. How will Japan demonstrate its presence to proceed with talks to its advantage? An aggressive stance is called for.
日本にとっては初めての本格交渉だ。いかに存在感を発揮し、交渉を有利に進めるか。攻めの姿勢が問われよう。
Japan and the 11 other countries that are participating in negotiations on the TPP free trade agreement, including the United States, Australia and Canada, kicked off two days of ministerial talks in Brunei on Thursday. A ministerial statement was scheduled to be announced Friday to confirm that the talks will be accelerated to conclude an agreement before the end of this year.
日米、豪州、カナダなど１２か国による環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）交渉の閣僚会合が、ブルネイで始まった。２３日に閣僚声明を出し、年内妥結を目標に交渉の加速を確認する予定だ。
In line with this commitmment, working-level officials will hold negotiations by the end of the month.
これをもとに、月末まで事務レベルで交渉が行われる。
U.S. Trade Representative Michael Froman, who chairs the ministerial talks, has said that reaching an agreement this year is a top priority for President Barack Obama. With a TPP accord as a leverage, Obama seeks to expand U.S. exports and boost job opportunities.
閣僚会合の議長を務めるフロマン米通商代表は、「年内妥結はオバマ大統領の最優先事項だ」と強調する。大統領はＴＰＰをテコに輸出を拡大し、雇用を増やすことを目標に掲げている。
The United States probably wants to reconfirm with other countries the policy of concluding the talks this year during the current round of negotiations in Brunei and use it as momentum to reach a broad accord in October.
米国は、ブルネイで年内妥結の方針を他国と再確認し、１０月の大筋合意へ交渉に弾みをつけたい考えだろう。
But if the talks proceed in line with the U.S. scenario, there are fears Japan will not be able to secure sufficient time for negotiations because the country was only able to take part in the TPP talks from the latter half of the previous round of talks.
それでは、７月の前回交渉の後半部分からようやく協議に参加した日本は、十分な交渉時間を確保できなくなる恐れもある。
Secure chances for assertions
It is necessary to avoid a situation in which Japan will be deprived of opportunities to present its case if the negotiations are cut off early in line with the schedule as planned by the United States. We urge Japan’s negotiators to hold talks separately with other TPP nations in an effort to increase the number of member nations that support Japan’s stance.
米国ペースで早期に交渉が打ち切られ、日本が主張する機会を奪われる事態は避けねばならない。各国と個別に折衝し、「味方」を増やす努力も求められよう。
Prior to the Brunei round of talks, Japan worked out proposals on tariff abolition and presented them to other participating nations to sound out their responses.
日本は、今回の交渉に先立ち、関税撤廃に関する提案をまとめ、参加各国に打診している。
The proposals called for abolishing tariffs on about 80 percent of trade items and left pending five categories of farming products, including rice, wheat and dairy products, that the Liberal Democratic Party wants handled as exceptions.
関税を撤廃する品目の割合（自由化率）を８０％前後とする一方、自民党が聖域扱いを求めたコメ、麦、乳製品などの農産品５項目の扱いは「未定」とした。
This was based on the fact that Japan’s degree of trade liberalization has been held to 84 percent to 88 percent in the economic partnership agreements it has concluded with 13 countries and territories. Rice and other items were exempted from free trade.
日本がこれまで１３か国・地域と結んだ経済連携協定（ＥＰＡ）の自由化率が８４～８８％にとどまり、コメなどは対象外だったことを踏まえたものである。
In the case of TPP talks, the government opted to set lower liberalization targets in the first place, possibly in preparation for bargaining that is expected to become tougher.
ＴＰＰ交渉では、まず低めの目標を示し、今後激しくなる駆け引きに備える作戦だろう。
Froman has said that Washington is aiming for a more ambitious agreement, so the United States is likely to call on Japan to carry out greater liberalization and further market opening.
フロマン代表が「もっと野心的な合意を目指している」と述べたように、米国はより高水準の自由化率と市場開放を日本に求めてくるに違いない。
Each participating country has crucial fields that they want to protect with high tariffs, including sugar for the United States and dairy products for Canada.
米国の砂糖、カナダの乳製品など、各国とも高関税で保護したい重要分野を抱えている。
For Japan, protecting all of the five farming product categories would not necessarily serve its national interests.
日本にとっては、農産品５項目すべてを死守することだけが国益に資するわけではない。
The government needs to expedite coordination of domestic opinions by focusing discussions on which fields Japan should concede and on which it should win concessions. Concerning the formation of rules on intellectual property rights and investment, Japan should actively present its assertions.
何で譲って、何を勝ち取るのか。政府は絞り込みの国内調整を加速する必要がある。知的財産権や投資などのルール作りでも、積極的に主張を展開すべきだ。
In conjunction with such efforts, the government must earnestly study measures to boost the competitiveness of the agricultural field, as well as to assist sectors that are expected to suffer as a result of opening their markets.
併せて農業の競争力強化策や、市場開放で打撃を受けることが予想される分野の支援策の検討を本格化しなければならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 23, 2013)
（2013年8月23日01時31分 読売新聞）
Japan must proceed with TPP talks without being chafed by U.S. intent
ＴＰＰ交渉 米国のペースに惑わされるな（8月23日付・読売社説）
The current round of Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations is the first in which Japan has taken full part. How will Japan demonstrate its presence to proceed with talks to its advantage? An aggressive stance is called for.
日本にとっては初めての本格交渉だ。いかに存在感を発揮し、交渉を有利に進めるか。攻めの姿勢が問われよう。
Japan and the 11 other countries that are participating in negotiations on the TPP free trade agreement, including the United States, Australia and Canada, kicked off two days of ministerial talks in Brunei on Thursday. A ministerial statement was scheduled to be announced Friday to confirm that the talks will be accelerated to conclude an agreement before the end of this year.
日米、豪州、カナダなど１２か国による環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）交渉の閣僚会合が、ブルネイで始まった。２３日に閣僚声明を出し、年内妥結を目標に交渉の加速を確認する予定だ。
In line with this commitmment, working-level officials will hold negotiations by the end of the month.
これをもとに、月末まで事務レベルで交渉が行われる。
U.S. Trade Representative Michael Froman, who chairs the ministerial talks, has said that reaching an agreement this year is a top priority for President Barack Obama. With a TPP accord as a leverage, Obama seeks to expand U.S. exports and boost job opportunities.
閣僚会合の議長を務めるフロマン米通商代表は、「年内妥結はオバマ大統領の最優先事項だ」と強調する。大統領はＴＰＰをテコに輸出を拡大し、雇用を増やすことを目標に掲げている。
The United States probably wants to reconfirm with other countries the policy of concluding the talks this year during the current round of negotiations in Brunei and use it as momentum to reach a broad accord in October.
米国は、ブルネイで年内妥結の方針を他国と再確認し、１０月の大筋合意へ交渉に弾みをつけたい考えだろう。
But if the talks proceed in line with the U.S. scenario, there are fears Japan will not be able to secure sufficient time for negotiations because the country was only able to take part in the TPP talks from the latter half of the previous round of talks.
それでは、７月の前回交渉の後半部分からようやく協議に参加した日本は、十分な交渉時間を確保できなくなる恐れもある。
Secure chances for assertions
It is necessary to avoid a situation in which Japan will be deprived of opportunities to present its case if the negotiations are cut off early in line with the schedule as planned by the United States. We urge Japan’s negotiators to hold talks separately with other TPP nations in an effort to increase the number of member nations that support Japan’s stance.
米国ペースで早期に交渉が打ち切られ、日本が主張する機会を奪われる事態は避けねばならない。各国と個別に折衝し、「味方」を増やす努力も求められよう。
Prior to the Brunei round of talks, Japan worked out proposals on tariff abolition and presented them to other participating nations to sound out their responses.
日本は、今回の交渉に先立ち、関税撤廃に関する提案をまとめ、参加各国に打診している。
The proposals called for abolishing tariffs on about 80 percent of trade items and left pending five categories of farming products, including rice, wheat and dairy products, that the Liberal Democratic Party wants handled as exceptions.
関税を撤廃する品目の割合（自由化率）を８０％前後とする一方、自民党が聖域扱いを求めたコメ、麦、乳製品などの農産品５項目の扱いは「未定」とした。
This was based on the fact that Japan’s degree of trade liberalization has been held to 84 percent to 88 percent in the economic partnership agreements it has concluded with 13 countries and territories. Rice and other items were exempted from free trade.
日本がこれまで１３か国・地域と結んだ経済連携協定（ＥＰＡ）の自由化率が８４～８８％にとどまり、コメなどは対象外だったことを踏まえたものである。
In the case of TPP talks, the government opted to set lower liberalization targets in the first place, possibly in preparation for bargaining that is expected to become tougher.
ＴＰＰ交渉では、まず低めの目標を示し、今後激しくなる駆け引きに備える作戦だろう。
Froman has said that Washington is aiming for a more ambitious agreement, so the United States is likely to call on Japan to carry out greater liberalization and further market opening.
フロマン代表が「もっと野心的な合意を目指している」と述べたように、米国はより高水準の自由化率と市場開放を日本に求めてくるに違いない。
Each participating country has crucial fields that they want to protect with high tariffs, including sugar for the United States and dairy products for Canada.
米国の砂糖、カナダの乳製品など、各国とも高関税で保護したい重要分野を抱えている。
For Japan, protecting all of the five farming product categories would not necessarily serve its national interests.
日本にとっては、農産品５項目すべてを死守することだけが国益に資するわけではない。
The government needs to expedite coordination of domestic opinions by focusing discussions on which fields Japan should concede and on which it should win concessions. Concerning the formation of rules on intellectual property rights and investment, Japan should actively present its assertions.
何で譲って、何を勝ち取るのか。政府は絞り込みの国内調整を加速する必要がある。知的財産権や投資などのルール作りでも、積極的に主張を展開すべきだ。
In conjunction with such efforts, the government must earnestly study measures to boost the competitiveness of the agricultural field, as well as to assist sectors that are expected to suffer as a result of opening their markets.
併せて農業の競争力強化策や、市場開放で打撃を受けることが予想される分野の支援策の検討を本格化しなければならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 23, 2013)
（2013年8月23日01時31分 読売新聞）
The Yomiuri Shimbun August 23, 2013
Social security reform bill must show path for sustainable system
社会保障工程案 持続可能な制度へ必要な道筋（8月22日付・読売社説）
Reforms to make the nation’s social security system sustainable must cover a wide variety of areas. It is important for the government to prioritize each area to steadily carry out reform measures.
社会保障を持続可能な制度にするための改革は多岐にわたる。優先順位をつけて、着実に実行することが重要だ。
The government has approved in a Cabinet meeting the gist of a bill on social security system reform measures, which outlines a schedule for reforms. The government will submit the bill to an extraordinary Diet session in autumn.
政府は、社会保障制度改革のプログラム法案の骨子を閣議決定した。秋の臨時国会に法案を提出する。
Based on a report compiled by the National Council on Social Security System Reform, the bill indicates plans and timetables for the reform of medical care, nursing care, the pension system and measures to deal with the low birthrate.
この法案は、政府の社会保障制度改革国民会議がまとめた報告書を踏まえ、医療、介護、年金、少子化対策の各制度改革についての内容と工程を示すものだ。
The main focus of the reforms is to change the current social security system, in which the younger, working generation bears most of the burden of supporting the elderly, to one in which all generations proportionately share the burden.
今回の改革の主眼は、主に現役世代の負担で高齢者を支えている現行の仕組みを、全世代が負担する形に変える点にある。
Given that the burden of the working generation will become heavier and heavier along with the low birthrate, it is unavoidable to ask elderly and high-income earners to bear more of the burden than they do now in order to maintain the social security system. In this sense we praise the stance of the current administration of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to tackle reform measures the previous administrations avoided.
少子化で現役世代の負担が過重になる中、制度を維持していくには、高齢者や高所得者に、より多く負担を求めることはやむを得ない。歴代政権が避けてきた改革に取り組む姿勢は評価できる。
One such measure is to raise the share of medical expenses paid by people aged 70 to 74. Law revisions made in 2008 stipulate that people in this age group pay 20 percent of medical costs, but the then administration of the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito kept it at 10 percent as a special measure. The share has remained at 10 percent since then.
その一つが、７０～７４歳の医療費窓口負担の引き上げだ。２００８年の法改正で２割と定めたが、当時の自公政権が特例として１割に据え置き、現在も続いている。
However, the gist of the bill gives a great deal of latitude over the timing of raising the percentage to the legally stipulated level: sometime between fiscal 2014 and fiscal 2017. The measure should be reviewed as early as possible, taking into consideration that ¥200 billion of tax money is spent annually on the special measure.
ただ、法定通りの水準に引き上げる時期については１４～１７年度と大きな幅を持たせている。特例措置のために投入される税金が年２０００億円に上ることを考えると、早急に見直すべきだ。
Regarding the nursing care insurance program, the current across-the-board self-pay rate of paying 10 percent for nursing care services will be raised for high-income earners from fiscal 2015. On the other hand, the premiums for low-income elderly will be reduced.
介護保険では、現在は一律１割となっている利用者の自己負担率を、高所得者の場合、１５年度から引き上げる。一方で、低所得高齢者の介護保険料は軽減する。
Fairness among the elderly
There is a large disparity in incomes among the elderly. It is appropriate to increase the burden on high-income earners and reduce that of low-income earners as a way to seek fairness among the elderly.
高齢者の間でも、所得の格差は大きい。高所得者の負担を増やし、低所得者の負担を減らすことは、高齢世代内の公平を図るうえで妥当と言える。
Concerning pension reform, the bill lists some reform measures requiring further study, but only says, “Necessary measures will be carried out after studying these measures.” The government did not make clear when it will carry out pension reform, probably because it will take time to design concrete reform measures.
年金改革については「検討を加え、必要な措置を講じる」とするにとどまった。実施時期を明示しなかったのは、具体的な制度設計に時間がかかるからだろう。
The report of the national council made clear the direction of social security reform, such as increasing tax on pensioners with high incomes and introducing a mechanism to hold down pension benefits in response to changes in wage levels even in a deflationary period.
国民会議の報告書では、高所得者の年金に対する課税の強化や、デフレ下でも賃金水準の変化に応じて年金支給額を抑制できる仕組みの導入といった改革の方向性は明記されている。
People who live on pensions are subject to large tax deductions and can receive greater net incomes than salaried workers receiving the same gross income. To lessen young generations’ sense of being imposed on, it is necessary to impose a heavier tax on high-income earners.
年金生活者は税の控除が大きく、同じ収入の給与所得者に比べ手取り額が多い。若い世代の負担感を軽減するためにも、高所得層への年金課税の強化は必要だ。
It is indispensable to hold down the payments pensioners receive to stabilize the pension system.
年金支給額の抑制は年金財政を安定させるうえで欠かせない。
If the government cannot even say when to carry out such important reform, we doubt the sustainability of the pension system.
こうした重要な改革の実施に見通しを立てられないようでは、年金制度の持続可能性に疑問符がつく。
To formulate concrete pension reform measures, the government must quickly study when to carry out pension reform.
改革案を具体化させるため、実施時期の検討を急ぐべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 22, 2013)
（2013年8月22日01時22分 読売新聞）
Social security reform bill must show path for sustainable system
社会保障工程案 持続可能な制度へ必要な道筋（8月22日付・読売社説）
Reforms to make the nation’s social security system sustainable must cover a wide variety of areas. It is important for the government to prioritize each area to steadily carry out reform measures.
社会保障を持続可能な制度にするための改革は多岐にわたる。優先順位をつけて、着実に実行することが重要だ。
The government has approved in a Cabinet meeting the gist of a bill on social security system reform measures, which outlines a schedule for reforms. The government will submit the bill to an extraordinary Diet session in autumn.
政府は、社会保障制度改革のプログラム法案の骨子を閣議決定した。秋の臨時国会に法案を提出する。
Based on a report compiled by the National Council on Social Security System Reform, the bill indicates plans and timetables for the reform of medical care, nursing care, the pension system and measures to deal with the low birthrate.
この法案は、政府の社会保障制度改革国民会議がまとめた報告書を踏まえ、医療、介護、年金、少子化対策の各制度改革についての内容と工程を示すものだ。
The main focus of the reforms is to change the current social security system, in which the younger, working generation bears most of the burden of supporting the elderly, to one in which all generations proportionately share the burden.
今回の改革の主眼は、主に現役世代の負担で高齢者を支えている現行の仕組みを、全世代が負担する形に変える点にある。
Given that the burden of the working generation will become heavier and heavier along with the low birthrate, it is unavoidable to ask elderly and high-income earners to bear more of the burden than they do now in order to maintain the social security system. In this sense we praise the stance of the current administration of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to tackle reform measures the previous administrations avoided.
少子化で現役世代の負担が過重になる中、制度を維持していくには、高齢者や高所得者に、より多く負担を求めることはやむを得ない。歴代政権が避けてきた改革に取り組む姿勢は評価できる。
One such measure is to raise the share of medical expenses paid by people aged 70 to 74. Law revisions made in 2008 stipulate that people in this age group pay 20 percent of medical costs, but the then administration of the Liberal Democratic Party and New Komeito kept it at 10 percent as a special measure. The share has remained at 10 percent since then.
その一つが、７０～７４歳の医療費窓口負担の引き上げだ。２００８年の法改正で２割と定めたが、当時の自公政権が特例として１割に据え置き、現在も続いている。
However, the gist of the bill gives a great deal of latitude over the timing of raising the percentage to the legally stipulated level: sometime between fiscal 2014 and fiscal 2017. The measure should be reviewed as early as possible, taking into consideration that ¥200 billion of tax money is spent annually on the special measure.
ただ、法定通りの水準に引き上げる時期については１４～１７年度と大きな幅を持たせている。特例措置のために投入される税金が年２０００億円に上ることを考えると、早急に見直すべきだ。
Regarding the nursing care insurance program, the current across-the-board self-pay rate of paying 10 percent for nursing care services will be raised for high-income earners from fiscal 2015. On the other hand, the premiums for low-income elderly will be reduced.
介護保険では、現在は一律１割となっている利用者の自己負担率を、高所得者の場合、１５年度から引き上げる。一方で、低所得高齢者の介護保険料は軽減する。
Fairness among the elderly
There is a large disparity in incomes among the elderly. It is appropriate to increase the burden on high-income earners and reduce that of low-income earners as a way to seek fairness among the elderly.
高齢者の間でも、所得の格差は大きい。高所得者の負担を増やし、低所得者の負担を減らすことは、高齢世代内の公平を図るうえで妥当と言える。
Concerning pension reform, the bill lists some reform measures requiring further study, but only says, “Necessary measures will be carried out after studying these measures.” The government did not make clear when it will carry out pension reform, probably because it will take time to design concrete reform measures.
年金改革については「検討を加え、必要な措置を講じる」とするにとどまった。実施時期を明示しなかったのは、具体的な制度設計に時間がかかるからだろう。
The report of the national council made clear the direction of social security reform, such as increasing tax on pensioners with high incomes and introducing a mechanism to hold down pension benefits in response to changes in wage levels even in a deflationary period.
国民会議の報告書では、高所得者の年金に対する課税の強化や、デフレ下でも賃金水準の変化に応じて年金支給額を抑制できる仕組みの導入といった改革の方向性は明記されている。
People who live on pensions are subject to large tax deductions and can receive greater net incomes than salaried workers receiving the same gross income. To lessen young generations’ sense of being imposed on, it is necessary to impose a heavier tax on high-income earners.
年金生活者は税の控除が大きく、同じ収入の給与所得者に比べ手取り額が多い。若い世代の負担感を軽減するためにも、高所得層への年金課税の強化は必要だ。
It is indispensable to hold down the payments pensioners receive to stabilize the pension system.
年金支給額の抑制は年金財政を安定させるうえで欠かせない。
If the government cannot even say when to carry out such important reform, we doubt the sustainability of the pension system.
こうした重要な改革の実施に見通しを立てられないようでは、年金制度の持続可能性に疑問符がつく。
To formulate concrete pension reform measures, the government must quickly study when to carry out pension reform.
改革案を具体化させるため、実施時期の検討を急ぐべきだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 22, 2013)
（2013年8月22日01時22分 読売新聞）
August 16, 2013(Mainichi Japan)
Editorial: PM must steer clear of Yasukuni Shrine
社説:靖国参拝 首相は見送り継続を
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe refrained from visiting Tokyo's Yasukuni Shrine, where Class A war criminals are enshrined along with Japan's war dead, on the Aug. 15 war-end anniversary. Instead, in his role as president of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), Abe contributed money to the shrine through the purchase of a branch of the sacred sakaki tree.
安倍晋三首相は終戦記念日の１５日、靖国神社参拝を見送り、自民党総裁名で同神社に玉串料を納めた。
Visits to the shrine by the prime minister and Cabinet members can become major diplomatic stumbling blocks in Japan's relation with its Asian neighbors. As such, we commend Abe's decision to take the broad view and abandon visiting the controversial shrine on Aug. 15 this year.
靖国が近隣外交を進める上での大きなネックになっている今、大局的な判断と評価したい。
The money for the sakaki branch was sent by an LDP legislator and special assistant to the party president on behalf of "Shinzo Abe, president of the Liberal Democratic Party." Since Abe used his own money to purchase the branch from the shrine, the donation will not stir controversy over whether it constitutes a violation of the constitutional separation of church and state.
玉串料は私費で、自民党総裁特別補佐の国会議員が代理で納め、「自民党総裁 安倍晋三」と記帳したという。私費であれば政教分離上の問題は生じない。
Abe made the donation out of apparent consideration for his conservative backers. These supporters are holding out hope the prime minister will visit Yasukuni Shrine in his official capacity, as Abe has stated that failing to visit during his previous one-year term in office in 2006-07 was "a matter of the greatest regret." We share their sense of gratitude and respect toward the war dead.
第１次内閣当時に参拝しなかったことを「痛恨の極み」と繰り返し明言していただけに、参拝期待の支持者向けの配慮として理解する。「戦没者への感謝と尊崇の念」は私たちも共有するからだ。
Many years have passed since visits by the prime minister and Cabinet members to Yasukuni became major diplomatic issues. Such visits have drawn fire from not only China and South Korea, victims of Japanese aggression and colonial rule, but United States officials have also expressed grave concerns over the potential for aggravating Tokyo's already strained ties with Beijing and Seoul.
靖国が外交問題になって久しい。中国、韓国からの反発だけではない。安倍政権になってからは、同盟国の米国からも、中韓との行き過ぎた関係悪化を懸念する声が届いている。
Japan's postwar history began when the San Francisco Peace Treaty -- under which Japan accepted the results of the Tokyo War Crimes Trials in which Class A war criminals were sentenced to death -- came into force in 1952. In the eyes of China, visits by the prime minister to Yasukuni Shrine, where Class A war criminals are enshrined, would represent Japan's justification of its wartime actions. The U.S. could view such visits as a challenge to the San Francisco peace framework that was created on the initiative of Washington.
日本の戦後は、Ａ級戦犯を処刑した東京裁判を受諾した１９５２年のサンフランシスコ講和条約の発効でスタートした。そのＡ級戦犯を合祀（ごうし）した靖国に首相が参拝することは、中国から見ればあの戦争の肯定につながり、米国からは、米主導で作られたサンフランシスコ体制に対する挑戦と受け取られる可能性がある。
Yasukuni has become a highly complicated diplomatic problem as successive Japanese administrations failed to do anything to deal with the matter. As such, the government should exercise prudence in addressing the issue. In particular, Japan-China diplomatic relations are already deadlocked because of an intensifying dispute over sovereignty over the Senkaku Islands in Okinawa Prefecture, and there is no prospect that a bilateral summit meeting will be held in the foreseeable future. Japan's relations with South Korea have also deteriorated to new lows over the interpretation of history, although the two countries share many of the same social and political values. In this sense, it is only natural that Prime Minister Abe abandoned visiting the shrine this summer.
靖国問題は、歴代日本政府が手をこまねいているうちにかくも複雑で難しい外交問題になってしまった。軽々に扱うべきではない。まして、日中関係は尖閣問題で暗礁に乗り上げ、首脳会談の糸口もつかめていない。同じ価値観を共有しているはずの日韓関係も歴史認識問題でかつてない関係悪化を来している。その意味で参拝見送りは当然とも言える。
The question is whether the prime minister will continue to forgo visiting the shrine. He will need to decide whether to pay a visit to the shrine during its autumn and spring festivals, as well as on the war-end anniversary on Aug. 15, 2014. He should make a clear decision if he hopes to stay in power for a long period.
問題は、今後どうするか、にある。秋には同神社の例大祭への出席問題、来春には春の例大祭、そして、毎年８・１５への対応を求められる。長期政権を望むのであれば抜本策を講じるべきではないのか。
Various measures to address the issue have been proposed. One such plan calls for separating the Class A war criminals from the war dead enshrined at Yasukuni, an idea that has been discussed since the government of Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone in the 1980s. There are testimonials stating that Emperor Hirohito, posthumously named Emperor Showa, eventually refrained from visiting Yasukuni because Class A war criminals were enshrined there. Some conservatives support the idea of separating such war criminals. During the tenure of Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi, a plan to build a non-religious cenotaph for the war dead was considered.
過去にもいくつかの策が提起され検討された。わかりやすいのが、いわゆるＡ級戦犯の分祀論である。中曽根康弘政権時から議論されてきた。昭和天皇が参拝を控えた背景にこのＡ級合祀があったとの証言もあり、保守陣営にも一定の支持者がいる。小泉純一郎政権時には無宗教の国立追悼施設の建設案もあった。
What is the Yasukuni issue about in the first place? How did the enshrinement of Class A war criminals emerge as a point of contention between Japan and its Asian neighbors? Is there any solution to the problem? It is a good idea to set up a panel of experts to consider these matters, and the prime minister should refrain from visiting the shrine until after that panel proposes solutions.
そもそも靖国問題とは何なのか。Ａ級合祀争点化の経緯はどうか。解決の出口は他にないのか。こういった問題について調査、検証、提言する有識者会議を作るのも一案だ。最低限その結論が出るまで首相は参拝を見送ることだ。悪循環を断つ政治的知恵の出しどころである。
China and South Korea should also watch over the Abe government's response to the issue from a long-term perspective. Japan and these neighbors should avoid intensifying their conflicts with narrow-minded nationalism.
中韓両国にも注文がある。安倍政権の対応を長い目で見てもらいたい。浅薄なナショナリズムの応酬だけは避けようではないか。
毎日新聞 2013年08月16日 02時31分
Editorial: PM must steer clear of Yasukuni Shrine
社説:靖国参拝 首相は見送り継続を
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe refrained from visiting Tokyo's Yasukuni Shrine, where Class A war criminals are enshrined along with Japan's war dead, on the Aug. 15 war-end anniversary. Instead, in his role as president of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), Abe contributed money to the shrine through the purchase of a branch of the sacred sakaki tree.
安倍晋三首相は終戦記念日の１５日、靖国神社参拝を見送り、自民党総裁名で同神社に玉串料を納めた。
Visits to the shrine by the prime minister and Cabinet members can become major diplomatic stumbling blocks in Japan's relation with its Asian neighbors. As such, we commend Abe's decision to take the broad view and abandon visiting the controversial shrine on Aug. 15 this year.
靖国が近隣外交を進める上での大きなネックになっている今、大局的な判断と評価したい。
The money for the sakaki branch was sent by an LDP legislator and special assistant to the party president on behalf of "Shinzo Abe, president of the Liberal Democratic Party." Since Abe used his own money to purchase the branch from the shrine, the donation will not stir controversy over whether it constitutes a violation of the constitutional separation of church and state.
玉串料は私費で、自民党総裁特別補佐の国会議員が代理で納め、「自民党総裁 安倍晋三」と記帳したという。私費であれば政教分離上の問題は生じない。
Abe made the donation out of apparent consideration for his conservative backers. These supporters are holding out hope the prime minister will visit Yasukuni Shrine in his official capacity, as Abe has stated that failing to visit during his previous one-year term in office in 2006-07 was "a matter of the greatest regret." We share their sense of gratitude and respect toward the war dead.
第１次内閣当時に参拝しなかったことを「痛恨の極み」と繰り返し明言していただけに、参拝期待の支持者向けの配慮として理解する。「戦没者への感謝と尊崇の念」は私たちも共有するからだ。
Many years have passed since visits by the prime minister and Cabinet members to Yasukuni became major diplomatic issues. Such visits have drawn fire from not only China and South Korea, victims of Japanese aggression and colonial rule, but United States officials have also expressed grave concerns over the potential for aggravating Tokyo's already strained ties with Beijing and Seoul.
靖国が外交問題になって久しい。中国、韓国からの反発だけではない。安倍政権になってからは、同盟国の米国からも、中韓との行き過ぎた関係悪化を懸念する声が届いている。
Japan's postwar history began when the San Francisco Peace Treaty -- under which Japan accepted the results of the Tokyo War Crimes Trials in which Class A war criminals were sentenced to death -- came into force in 1952. In the eyes of China, visits by the prime minister to Yasukuni Shrine, where Class A war criminals are enshrined, would represent Japan's justification of its wartime actions. The U.S. could view such visits as a challenge to the San Francisco peace framework that was created on the initiative of Washington.
日本の戦後は、Ａ級戦犯を処刑した東京裁判を受諾した１９５２年のサンフランシスコ講和条約の発効でスタートした。そのＡ級戦犯を合祀（ごうし）した靖国に首相が参拝することは、中国から見ればあの戦争の肯定につながり、米国からは、米主導で作られたサンフランシスコ体制に対する挑戦と受け取られる可能性がある。
Yasukuni has become a highly complicated diplomatic problem as successive Japanese administrations failed to do anything to deal with the matter. As such, the government should exercise prudence in addressing the issue. In particular, Japan-China diplomatic relations are already deadlocked because of an intensifying dispute over sovereignty over the Senkaku Islands in Okinawa Prefecture, and there is no prospect that a bilateral summit meeting will be held in the foreseeable future. Japan's relations with South Korea have also deteriorated to new lows over the interpretation of history, although the two countries share many of the same social and political values. In this sense, it is only natural that Prime Minister Abe abandoned visiting the shrine this summer.
靖国問題は、歴代日本政府が手をこまねいているうちにかくも複雑で難しい外交問題になってしまった。軽々に扱うべきではない。まして、日中関係は尖閣問題で暗礁に乗り上げ、首脳会談の糸口もつかめていない。同じ価値観を共有しているはずの日韓関係も歴史認識問題でかつてない関係悪化を来している。その意味で参拝見送りは当然とも言える。
The question is whether the prime minister will continue to forgo visiting the shrine. He will need to decide whether to pay a visit to the shrine during its autumn and spring festivals, as well as on the war-end anniversary on Aug. 15, 2014. He should make a clear decision if he hopes to stay in power for a long period.
問題は、今後どうするか、にある。秋には同神社の例大祭への出席問題、来春には春の例大祭、そして、毎年８・１５への対応を求められる。長期政権を望むのであれば抜本策を講じるべきではないのか。
Various measures to address the issue have been proposed. One such plan calls for separating the Class A war criminals from the war dead enshrined at Yasukuni, an idea that has been discussed since the government of Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone in the 1980s. There are testimonials stating that Emperor Hirohito, posthumously named Emperor Showa, eventually refrained from visiting Yasukuni because Class A war criminals were enshrined there. Some conservatives support the idea of separating such war criminals. During the tenure of Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi, a plan to build a non-religious cenotaph for the war dead was considered.
過去にもいくつかの策が提起され検討された。わかりやすいのが、いわゆるＡ級戦犯の分祀論である。中曽根康弘政権時から議論されてきた。昭和天皇が参拝を控えた背景にこのＡ級合祀があったとの証言もあり、保守陣営にも一定の支持者がいる。小泉純一郎政権時には無宗教の国立追悼施設の建設案もあった。
What is the Yasukuni issue about in the first place? How did the enshrinement of Class A war criminals emerge as a point of contention between Japan and its Asian neighbors? Is there any solution to the problem? It is a good idea to set up a panel of experts to consider these matters, and the prime minister should refrain from visiting the shrine until after that panel proposes solutions.
そもそも靖国問題とは何なのか。Ａ級合祀争点化の経緯はどうか。解決の出口は他にないのか。こういった問題について調査、検証、提言する有識者会議を作るのも一案だ。最低限その結論が出るまで首相は参拝を見送ることだ。悪循環を断つ政治的知恵の出しどころである。
China and South Korea should also watch over the Abe government's response to the issue from a long-term perspective. Japan and these neighbors should avoid intensifying their conflicts with narrow-minded nationalism.
中韓両国にも注文がある。安倍政権の対応を長い目で見てもらいたい。浅薄なナショナリズムの応酬だけは避けようではないか。
毎日新聞 2013年08月16日 02時31分
The Asahi Shimbun, August 20, 2013
EDITORIAL: All children should have free access to ‘Hadashi no Gen’
はだしのゲン―閲覧制限はすぐ撤回を
The Matsue municipal board of education has instructed public elementary and junior high schools in the city not to make a famous manga about the atomic bombing of Hiroshima freely available to children in school libraries. The board’s move to restrict children’s access to “Hadashi no Gen” (Barefoot Gen) has drawn criticism from all over the nation.
広島での被爆を主題にした漫画「はだしのゲン」を、松江市教委が小・中学校の図書館で自由に読めなくするよう指示していたことがわかり、全国から批判が相次いでいる。
In the final parts of the book, some atrocities committed by the former Japanese army, such as beheading Asian people, are depicted. In December last year, the municipal education board decided that these descriptions are “extreme expressions” and asked principals to make sure that students cannot read the manga in the libraries without obtaining permission from the schools. It has also been withdrawn from circulation.
作品の終盤には、旧日本軍がアジアの人々の首を切断するなどの描写がある。市教委は昨年１２月、「過激な表現だ」として、学校の許可なしで見られなくするよう校長会に求めた。貸し出しも認めないという。
“Hadashi no Gen” was created by manga artist Keiji Nakazawa, who died in December last year. In addition to the devastation of Hiroshima and people’s sufferings after the war, both of which he experienced himself, Nakazawa described, in shocking detail, various battlefield scenes he learned from historical records and materials. Due to its vivid descriptions of the frightful spectacles of war, the manga drew an immense response.
「ゲン」は昨年１２月に死去した漫画家の中沢啓治（なかざわけいじ）さんの作品だ。実体験した原爆の惨状と戦後の苦難に加え、資料などで知った戦場の様子を強烈なタッチで描いて反響を呼んだ。
Many children became interested in the nuclear attacks against Japan in the closing days of World War II for the first time when they read “Hadashi no Gen,” one of the few manga books among the school library collection.
学校図書館で読める数少ない漫画として「ゲン」を手に取り、初めて原爆に関心を持った子どもも少なくない。
The education board’s decision could deprive children of a good opportunity to learn about the tragedy. Moreover, the board didn’t follow the rule that it must make any important decision in an open meeting of board members. The decision was made in an opaque manner by the secretariat of the board. The education board should immediately withdraw its directive concerning “Hadashi no Gen.”
市教委の指示は、子どもたちのそうした出会いを奪いかねないものだ。しかも重要な決定の場合、公開の教育委員会議にかけるべきだが、今回は事務局の判断で決まっており、不透明というしかない。市教委はただちに指示を撤回すべきだ。
The board’s move was made after a man submitted a written petition to the Matsue municipal assembly in August last year. The petition called for the removal of “Hadashi no Gen” from schools, claiming it described fictitious acts of barbarity by Japanese soldiers and had a harmful effect on the minds of children.
きっかけは、ある男性から昨年８月に市議会に出された陳情書だった。「ありもしない日本軍の蛮行が掲載され、子どもたちに悪影響を及ぼす」とし、学校からの撤去を求めていた。
Although the man’s demands were not accepted, some assembly members argued that the manga should be designated as a “bad book” and asked the education board to take appropriate action. The request led to the board’s move to restrict access to the manga in school libraries.
陳情は不採択となったが、一部市議から「不良図書」ととらえ、市教委が適切な処置をすべきだとの意見があり、閲覧制限の指示につながった。
Soon after Nakazawa started the manga series in the Weekly Shonen Jump comic magazine in 1973, his descriptions of the war were criticized as “brutal.” Nakazawa once said he had agonized over how to depict the war. Because it bitterly denounces the acts of the army and holds Emperor Hirohito, posthumously known as Emperor Showa, responsible for the war, conservatives criticize the manga as “biased” and “anti-Japanese.”
「ゲン」には連載当時から「残酷」という声が寄せられ、中沢さんも描き方に悩んだと述懐している。旧軍の行為や昭和天皇の戦争責任を厳しく糾弾している点から、「偏向している」「反日漫画だ」といった批判も保守層の間で根強い。
Still, “Hadashi no Gen” has been widely accepted because Nakazawa’s anti-war message has obtained a favorable response from children. By using all of his skills as an artist to describe the cruelty of war he witnessed, Nakazawa tried to tell children that war must never be allowed to happen again.
それでも、「ゲン」が高い評価を得たのは、自身が目の当たりにした戦争の残酷さを力いっぱい描くことで、「二度と戦争を起こしてはならない」と伝えようとした中沢さんの思いに子どもたちが共感したからだ。
Teachers, who generally had a negative stance toward manga, also embraced “Hadashi no Gen” and allocated part of the limited school library budget to add the manga to the library’s collection because of its power to send its anti-war message.
漫画を否定しがちだった先生たちが、限られた図書館予算の中から「ゲン」を積極的に受け入れたのも、作品のメッセージ力が強かったからこそだ。
There are still various views and opinions about the wartime acts of the former Japanese army and Emperor Hirohito’s responsibility for the war. Nakazawa’s historical views about the war as expressed in the work are also open to criticism.
旧日本軍の行為や天皇の戦争責任をめぐっては今もさまざまな見方があり、「ゲン」に投影された中沢さんの歴史観にも議論はありえるだろう。
“Hadashi no Gen” is exactly the type of material that can be used for discussions among adults and children on these and other issues concerning the war. There is no need to keep children from accessing this material.
それこそ、「ゲン」を題材に、子どもと大人が意見を交わし、一緒に考えていけばいい。最初から目をそらす必要はどこにもない。
EDITORIAL: All children should have free access to ‘Hadashi no Gen’
はだしのゲン―閲覧制限はすぐ撤回を
The Matsue municipal board of education has instructed public elementary and junior high schools in the city not to make a famous manga about the atomic bombing of Hiroshima freely available to children in school libraries. The board’s move to restrict children’s access to “Hadashi no Gen” (Barefoot Gen) has drawn criticism from all over the nation.
広島での被爆を主題にした漫画「はだしのゲン」を、松江市教委が小・中学校の図書館で自由に読めなくするよう指示していたことがわかり、全国から批判が相次いでいる。
In the final parts of the book, some atrocities committed by the former Japanese army, such as beheading Asian people, are depicted. In December last year, the municipal education board decided that these descriptions are “extreme expressions” and asked principals to make sure that students cannot read the manga in the libraries without obtaining permission from the schools. It has also been withdrawn from circulation.
作品の終盤には、旧日本軍がアジアの人々の首を切断するなどの描写がある。市教委は昨年１２月、「過激な表現だ」として、学校の許可なしで見られなくするよう校長会に求めた。貸し出しも認めないという。
“Hadashi no Gen” was created by manga artist Keiji Nakazawa, who died in December last year. In addition to the devastation of Hiroshima and people’s sufferings after the war, both of which he experienced himself, Nakazawa described, in shocking detail, various battlefield scenes he learned from historical records and materials. Due to its vivid descriptions of the frightful spectacles of war, the manga drew an immense response.
「ゲン」は昨年１２月に死去した漫画家の中沢啓治（なかざわけいじ）さんの作品だ。実体験した原爆の惨状と戦後の苦難に加え、資料などで知った戦場の様子を強烈なタッチで描いて反響を呼んだ。
Many children became interested in the nuclear attacks against Japan in the closing days of World War II for the first time when they read “Hadashi no Gen,” one of the few manga books among the school library collection.
学校図書館で読める数少ない漫画として「ゲン」を手に取り、初めて原爆に関心を持った子どもも少なくない。
The education board’s decision could deprive children of a good opportunity to learn about the tragedy. Moreover, the board didn’t follow the rule that it must make any important decision in an open meeting of board members. The decision was made in an opaque manner by the secretariat of the board. The education board should immediately withdraw its directive concerning “Hadashi no Gen.”
市教委の指示は、子どもたちのそうした出会いを奪いかねないものだ。しかも重要な決定の場合、公開の教育委員会議にかけるべきだが、今回は事務局の判断で決まっており、不透明というしかない。市教委はただちに指示を撤回すべきだ。
The board’s move was made after a man submitted a written petition to the Matsue municipal assembly in August last year. The petition called for the removal of “Hadashi no Gen” from schools, claiming it described fictitious acts of barbarity by Japanese soldiers and had a harmful effect on the minds of children.
きっかけは、ある男性から昨年８月に市議会に出された陳情書だった。「ありもしない日本軍の蛮行が掲載され、子どもたちに悪影響を及ぼす」とし、学校からの撤去を求めていた。
Although the man’s demands were not accepted, some assembly members argued that the manga should be designated as a “bad book” and asked the education board to take appropriate action. The request led to the board’s move to restrict access to the manga in school libraries.
陳情は不採択となったが、一部市議から「不良図書」ととらえ、市教委が適切な処置をすべきだとの意見があり、閲覧制限の指示につながった。
Soon after Nakazawa started the manga series in the Weekly Shonen Jump comic magazine in 1973, his descriptions of the war were criticized as “brutal.” Nakazawa once said he had agonized over how to depict the war. Because it bitterly denounces the acts of the army and holds Emperor Hirohito, posthumously known as Emperor Showa, responsible for the war, conservatives criticize the manga as “biased” and “anti-Japanese.”
「ゲン」には連載当時から「残酷」という声が寄せられ、中沢さんも描き方に悩んだと述懐している。旧軍の行為や昭和天皇の戦争責任を厳しく糾弾している点から、「偏向している」「反日漫画だ」といった批判も保守層の間で根強い。
Still, “Hadashi no Gen” has been widely accepted because Nakazawa’s anti-war message has obtained a favorable response from children. By using all of his skills as an artist to describe the cruelty of war he witnessed, Nakazawa tried to tell children that war must never be allowed to happen again.
それでも、「ゲン」が高い評価を得たのは、自身が目の当たりにした戦争の残酷さを力いっぱい描くことで、「二度と戦争を起こしてはならない」と伝えようとした中沢さんの思いに子どもたちが共感したからだ。
Teachers, who generally had a negative stance toward manga, also embraced “Hadashi no Gen” and allocated part of the limited school library budget to add the manga to the library’s collection because of its power to send its anti-war message.
漫画を否定しがちだった先生たちが、限られた図書館予算の中から「ゲン」を積極的に受け入れたのも、作品のメッセージ力が強かったからこそだ。
There are still various views and opinions about the wartime acts of the former Japanese army and Emperor Hirohito’s responsibility for the war. Nakazawa’s historical views about the war as expressed in the work are also open to criticism.
旧日本軍の行為や天皇の戦争責任をめぐっては今もさまざまな見方があり、「ゲン」に投影された中沢さんの歴史観にも議論はありえるだろう。
“Hadashi no Gen” is exactly the type of material that can be used for discussions among adults and children on these and other issues concerning the war. There is no need to keep children from accessing this material.
それこそ、「ゲン」を題材に、子どもと大人が意見を交わし、一緒に考えていけばいい。最初から目をそらす必要はどこにもない。
The Asahi Shimbun, August 16, 2013
EDITORIAL: Abe should not look away from Japan's history of aggression
加害責任―歴史から目をそらすな
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe eschewed visiting Yasukuni Shrine on Aug. 15, the 68th anniversary of the Japanese surrender at the end of World War II.
６８回目の終戦の日だったきのう、安倍首相は靖国神社への参拝を見送った。
Japan’s relations with China and South Korea remain chilly over problems concerning the Senkaku Islands, the Takeshima islets and perceptions of history. A visit to the war-related shrine at this juncture would put off the improvement of relations even further.
尖閣、竹島や歴史認識の問題で、中国や韓国との関係が冷え切っている折である。ここで参拝すれば、両国との関係改善はさらに遠のく。
Thus, the decision not to visit the shrine was a realistic one.
見送りは現実的な判断と言えるだろう。
How is the prime minister trying to face up to the past? Not only China and South Korea but also the United States and European countries are keeping a close watch. Visits to Yasukuni Shrine are not the only problem. Behind their misgivings is Abe’s comment earlier this year: “The definition of aggression has yet to be established,” which can be construed as denial of Japan’s war responsibility.
首相が、過去とどう向きあおうとしているか。中韓のみならず、欧米諸国も目を凝らしている。靖国問題だけではない。先に首相が「侵略の定義は定まっていない」と、日本の戦争責任を否定するかのような発言をしたことなどが背景にある。
A wrong move could cause Japan to become isolated in the international community. The prime minister is urged to take this point to heart.
対応を誤れば、国際社会で日本の孤立を招く。そのことを首相は肝に銘じるべきだ。
In that sense, there is something we find disturbing.
その意味で、気がかりなことがある。
While Abe delivered a speech at the government-sponsored memorial service for the war dead on Aug. 15, the address made no reference to reflection on Japan’s responsibility for inflicting damage on Asian nations or any expression of condolences.
きのうの政府主催の全国戦没者追悼式で、首相の式辞からアジア諸国への加害責任への反省や哀悼の意を示す言葉が、すっぽりと抜け落ちたのだ。
Starting with Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa in 1993, successive Japanese leaders have mentioned the wartime devastation inflicted on Asian countries by Japan in their speeches for the annual ceremony.
加害責任への言及は、９３年の細川護熙首相（当時）から歴代首相が踏襲してきた。
In 2007, during Abe’s first tenure as prime minister, he also stated: “(Japan) caused considerable damage and suffering to the people of Asian countries. … I offer deep remorse and express my heartfelt condolences to those who were killed.”
第１次安倍内閣の０７年には首相自身も「アジア諸国の人々に対して多大の損害と苦痛を与えた」「深い反省とともに、犠牲となった方々に謹んで哀悼の意を表す」と述べていた。
This time, “a pledge not to make war” that had been expressed in the past was not mentioned, either.
今回は、これまで表明されてきた「不戦の誓い」という表現も使わなかった。
Aides to the prime minister say the memorial address reflects his intention that the ceremony is for the war dead, and that he mentioned consideration toward Asian nations in his responses to questions in the Diet.
首相周辺は「式典は戦没者のため、という首相の意向を反映した」「アジアへの配慮は国会答弁でしている」という。
But such an expedient response is unacceptable. The ceremony also serves as an occasion to show Japan’s stance toward the war to the world. With the absence of wording about Japan’s responsibility for causing damage, Abe's speech could give the impression that Japan lacks consideration for the people of Asia.
だが、そんな方便は通用しないのではないか。式典は、先の戦争への日本の姿勢を世界に発信する場でもある。加害責任への言及が消えたことで、アジアの人々への配慮を欠いていると受け取られかねない。
Even though the prime minister declined to visit Yasukuni, wasn’t he sending a message to the opposite effect?
せっかく靖国参拝を見送りながら、逆のメッセージを発することにならないか。
What we find disturbing is the fact that the words that were not mentioned in Abe’s speech overlap with Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama's 1995 statement that Japan “through its colonial rule and aggression, caused tremendous damage and suffering to the people of many countries, particularly to those of Asian nations.”
気になるのは、式辞からなくなった言葉が、植民地支配と侵略によって「アジア諸国の人々に対して多大の損害と苦痛を与えた」という９５年の村山首相談話の表現と重なることだ。
For a long time, Abe has shown an inclination toward re-examining the Murayama statement. If his memorial address reflects such intentions, there is no way we can accept it.
首相はかねて村山談話の見直しに意欲を示している。そうした意図が今回の式辞に表れたとするなら、とうてい容認できるものではない。
Although the prime minister refrained from visiting Yasukuni Shrine, some members of his Cabinet, as well as a group of many lawmakers, visited the shrine.
首相は見送ったが、きのうは一部の閣僚や国会議員が大挙して靖国神社に参拝した。
Without looking away from history, Japan needs to use its imagination to understand the pain of other countries. Such an attitude is what Japanese politicians need now more than ever.
歴史から目をそらさず、他国の痛みに想像力を働かせる。こんな態度が、いまの日本政治には求められる。
EDITORIAL: Abe should not look away from Japan's history of aggression
加害責任―歴史から目をそらすな
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe eschewed visiting Yasukuni Shrine on Aug. 15, the 68th anniversary of the Japanese surrender at the end of World War II.
６８回目の終戦の日だったきのう、安倍首相は靖国神社への参拝を見送った。
Japan’s relations with China and South Korea remain chilly over problems concerning the Senkaku Islands, the Takeshima islets and perceptions of history. A visit to the war-related shrine at this juncture would put off the improvement of relations even further.
尖閣、竹島や歴史認識の問題で、中国や韓国との関係が冷え切っている折である。ここで参拝すれば、両国との関係改善はさらに遠のく。
Thus, the decision not to visit the shrine was a realistic one.
見送りは現実的な判断と言えるだろう。
How is the prime minister trying to face up to the past? Not only China and South Korea but also the United States and European countries are keeping a close watch. Visits to Yasukuni Shrine are not the only problem. Behind their misgivings is Abe’s comment earlier this year: “The definition of aggression has yet to be established,” which can be construed as denial of Japan’s war responsibility.
首相が、過去とどう向きあおうとしているか。中韓のみならず、欧米諸国も目を凝らしている。靖国問題だけではない。先に首相が「侵略の定義は定まっていない」と、日本の戦争責任を否定するかのような発言をしたことなどが背景にある。
A wrong move could cause Japan to become isolated in the international community. The prime minister is urged to take this point to heart.
対応を誤れば、国際社会で日本の孤立を招く。そのことを首相は肝に銘じるべきだ。
In that sense, there is something we find disturbing.
その意味で、気がかりなことがある。
While Abe delivered a speech at the government-sponsored memorial service for the war dead on Aug. 15, the address made no reference to reflection on Japan’s responsibility for inflicting damage on Asian nations or any expression of condolences.
きのうの政府主催の全国戦没者追悼式で、首相の式辞からアジア諸国への加害責任への反省や哀悼の意を示す言葉が、すっぽりと抜け落ちたのだ。
Starting with Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa in 1993, successive Japanese leaders have mentioned the wartime devastation inflicted on Asian countries by Japan in their speeches for the annual ceremony.
加害責任への言及は、９３年の細川護熙首相（当時）から歴代首相が踏襲してきた。
In 2007, during Abe’s first tenure as prime minister, he also stated: “(Japan) caused considerable damage and suffering to the people of Asian countries. … I offer deep remorse and express my heartfelt condolences to those who were killed.”
第１次安倍内閣の０７年には首相自身も「アジア諸国の人々に対して多大の損害と苦痛を与えた」「深い反省とともに、犠牲となった方々に謹んで哀悼の意を表す」と述べていた。
This time, “a pledge not to make war” that had been expressed in the past was not mentioned, either.
今回は、これまで表明されてきた「不戦の誓い」という表現も使わなかった。
Aides to the prime minister say the memorial address reflects his intention that the ceremony is for the war dead, and that he mentioned consideration toward Asian nations in his responses to questions in the Diet.
首相周辺は「式典は戦没者のため、という首相の意向を反映した」「アジアへの配慮は国会答弁でしている」という。
But such an expedient response is unacceptable. The ceremony also serves as an occasion to show Japan’s stance toward the war to the world. With the absence of wording about Japan’s responsibility for causing damage, Abe's speech could give the impression that Japan lacks consideration for the people of Asia.
だが、そんな方便は通用しないのではないか。式典は、先の戦争への日本の姿勢を世界に発信する場でもある。加害責任への言及が消えたことで、アジアの人々への配慮を欠いていると受け取られかねない。
Even though the prime minister declined to visit Yasukuni, wasn’t he sending a message to the opposite effect?
せっかく靖国参拝を見送りながら、逆のメッセージを発することにならないか。
What we find disturbing is the fact that the words that were not mentioned in Abe’s speech overlap with Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama's 1995 statement that Japan “through its colonial rule and aggression, caused tremendous damage and suffering to the people of many countries, particularly to those of Asian nations.”
気になるのは、式辞からなくなった言葉が、植民地支配と侵略によって「アジア諸国の人々に対して多大の損害と苦痛を与えた」という９５年の村山首相談話の表現と重なることだ。
For a long time, Abe has shown an inclination toward re-examining the Murayama statement. If his memorial address reflects such intentions, there is no way we can accept it.
首相はかねて村山談話の見直しに意欲を示している。そうした意図が今回の式辞に表れたとするなら、とうてい容認できるものではない。
Although the prime minister refrained from visiting Yasukuni Shrine, some members of his Cabinet, as well as a group of many lawmakers, visited the shrine.
首相は見送ったが、きのうは一部の閣僚や国会議員が大挙して靖国神社に参拝した。
Without looking away from history, Japan needs to use its imagination to understand the pain of other countries. Such an attitude is what Japanese politicians need now more than ever.
歴史から目をそらさず、他国の痛みに想像力を働かせる。こんな態度が、いまの日本政治には求められる。
The Yomiuri Shimbun August 18, 2013
Suspended ceilings should be removed to boost quake resistance at schools
学校の耐震化 つり天井の撤去を急ぎたい（8月17日付・読売社説）
Schools must be safe places that protect children at a time of disaster. They can also serve as shelters for local residents.
学校は災害時に子供の命を守る安全な場所でなくてはならない。地域住民の避難先にもなる。
We call for the disaster prevention capability of schools to be strengthened.
防災機能を強化することが求められる。
A survey by the Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Ministry showed that 89 percent of 120,460 school buildings and gymnasiums at public primary and middle schools across the nation met national earthquake-resistance standards as of April. The survey also found that 86 percent of structures at public high schools were quake-resistant.
文部科学省の調査によると、４月現在、全国の公立小中学校にある校舎や体育館計１２万４６０棟のうち、耐震性が確保された建物の割合は全体の８９％だった。公立高校でも耐震性を満たした建物は８６％に上っている。
These high percentages, which resulted from a push for reinforcement work and other antiseismic efforts in the wake of the Great East Japan Earthquake, are laudable. But progress differs among regions. In some municipalities, the percentage of quake-resistant schools remains below 50 percent. Such municipalities should accelerate their efforts.
東日本大震災を教訓に、補強工事などが進んだ結果と評価できるが、地域差も目立つ。学校の耐震化率が５割に満たない自治体もある。取り組みを加速すべきだ。
One major concern in this connnection is the delay in dealing with suspended ceilings, which experts have pointed out are at risk of collapsing in earthquakes.
気がかりなのは、地震の際に崩落の危険が指摘される「つり天井」の対策が遅れていることだ。
Suspended ceilings made of gypsum wallboard are effective for noise and heat insulation, but their hanging frames make them vulnerable to movement. Even though the buildings themselves are resistant to quakes, their suspended ceilings could collapse. This requries attention.
つり天井は、防音や断熱に一定の効果があるとされる一方で、屋根から骨組みや石こうボードをぶら下げた構造になっているため、振動に弱い。建物自体の耐震性は確保されていても落下する可能性があるので、注意が必要だ。
In the March 2011 earthquake, many such ceilings fell in large facilities such as event halls. In school gymnasiums, falling ceilings injured students.
東日本大震災では、ホールなどの大規模施設で落下事故が相次ぎ、体育館で生徒が負傷したケースも見られた。
The survey, in which the ministry asked about suspended ceilings for the first time, showed that such ceilings were installed in about 8,500 structures, including gymnasiums and auditoriums, at public primary, middle and high schools. The survey found that 90 percent of the structures lacked measures to prevent ceilings from falling. This is a problem.
文科省が今回初めて、つり天井の実態を調べたところ、公立の小中高校の体育館や講堂など約８５００棟に設置されていた。このうち９割で落下防止措置が講じられていなかったのは問題だ。
The collapse of a ceiling at a gymnasium where many students gather could be catastrophic. Even if a collapse happened when no one was there, it could prevent the gymnasium from being used as a shelter.
多数の児童生徒が集まっている時につり天井が崩落した場合、大惨事につながる。無人の時でも崩落すれば、体育館は避難所としての機能を果たせなくなる。
Safety checks urged
The ministry has drawn up a guide, which includes a list of safety check points, and urged municipal governments to carry out safety checks thoroughly. We believe suspended ceilings should be removed as soon as possible in light of public safety.
文科省は安全点検の要点をまとめた手引を作成し、各自治体にチェックの徹底を求めた。安全性を考慮すれば、可能な限り早期に撤去すべきだろう。
Meanwhile, many schools are not prepared to serve as local disaster-management centers. Among public schools designated by municipalities as emergency shelters, only 28 percent have in-house power generators, while 34 percent are equipped with water reservoirs and other useful devices.
学校の防災拠点としての備えも心もとない。自治体から避難所に指定された公立学校のうち、自家発電装置がある学校は２８％、貯水槽などを設置している学校は３４％にとどまっている。
In the Great East Japan Earthquake, many people were forced to take refuge amid prolonged power outages and cuts in water supply. We urge municipalities’ disaster-management sections and boards of education to work together to make necessary preprations.
東日本大震災では停電や断水が続き、多くの住民が過酷な避難生活を強いられた。自治体の防災部門と教育委員会が連携して、必要な設備を整えてもらいたい。
It is also crucial to raise public awareness through education. Last year, public high schools in Tokyo began a project in which students stay at their schools overnight, prepare meals outdoors and receive training in conducting rescue activities.
防災教育などソフト面の対策も重要だ。都立高校では昨年から、生徒が学校に宿泊し、炊き出しや救護の体験訓練を行っている。
If high school students gain experience such as taking care of the elderly through the training, they could play a key role in operating shelters in disasters. Regularly cultivating the spirit of volunteerism could prove to be useful in an emergency.
高校生がお年寄りの世話などを経験すれば、避難所運営の貴重な担い手になろう。日頃からボランティア精神を育んでおくことが、いざという時に役立つはずだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 17, 2013)
（2013年8月17日01時40分 読売新聞）
Suspended ceilings should be removed to boost quake resistance at schools
学校の耐震化 つり天井の撤去を急ぎたい（8月17日付・読売社説）
Schools must be safe places that protect children at a time of disaster. They can also serve as shelters for local residents.
学校は災害時に子供の命を守る安全な場所でなくてはならない。地域住民の避難先にもなる。
We call for the disaster prevention capability of schools to be strengthened.
防災機能を強化することが求められる。
A survey by the Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Ministry showed that 89 percent of 120,460 school buildings and gymnasiums at public primary and middle schools across the nation met national earthquake-resistance standards as of April. The survey also found that 86 percent of structures at public high schools were quake-resistant.
文部科学省の調査によると、４月現在、全国の公立小中学校にある校舎や体育館計１２万４６０棟のうち、耐震性が確保された建物の割合は全体の８９％だった。公立高校でも耐震性を満たした建物は８６％に上っている。
These high percentages, which resulted from a push for reinforcement work and other antiseismic efforts in the wake of the Great East Japan Earthquake, are laudable. But progress differs among regions. In some municipalities, the percentage of quake-resistant schools remains below 50 percent. Such municipalities should accelerate their efforts.
東日本大震災を教訓に、補強工事などが進んだ結果と評価できるが、地域差も目立つ。学校の耐震化率が５割に満たない自治体もある。取り組みを加速すべきだ。
One major concern in this connnection is the delay in dealing with suspended ceilings, which experts have pointed out are at risk of collapsing in earthquakes.
気がかりなのは、地震の際に崩落の危険が指摘される「つり天井」の対策が遅れていることだ。
Suspended ceilings made of gypsum wallboard are effective for noise and heat insulation, but their hanging frames make them vulnerable to movement. Even though the buildings themselves are resistant to quakes, their suspended ceilings could collapse. This requries attention.
つり天井は、防音や断熱に一定の効果があるとされる一方で、屋根から骨組みや石こうボードをぶら下げた構造になっているため、振動に弱い。建物自体の耐震性は確保されていても落下する可能性があるので、注意が必要だ。
In the March 2011 earthquake, many such ceilings fell in large facilities such as event halls. In school gymnasiums, falling ceilings injured students.
東日本大震災では、ホールなどの大規模施設で落下事故が相次ぎ、体育館で生徒が負傷したケースも見られた。
The survey, in which the ministry asked about suspended ceilings for the first time, showed that such ceilings were installed in about 8,500 structures, including gymnasiums and auditoriums, at public primary, middle and high schools. The survey found that 90 percent of the structures lacked measures to prevent ceilings from falling. This is a problem.
文科省が今回初めて、つり天井の実態を調べたところ、公立の小中高校の体育館や講堂など約８５００棟に設置されていた。このうち９割で落下防止措置が講じられていなかったのは問題だ。
The collapse of a ceiling at a gymnasium where many students gather could be catastrophic. Even if a collapse happened when no one was there, it could prevent the gymnasium from being used as a shelter.
多数の児童生徒が集まっている時につり天井が崩落した場合、大惨事につながる。無人の時でも崩落すれば、体育館は避難所としての機能を果たせなくなる。
Safety checks urged
The ministry has drawn up a guide, which includes a list of safety check points, and urged municipal governments to carry out safety checks thoroughly. We believe suspended ceilings should be removed as soon as possible in light of public safety.
文科省は安全点検の要点をまとめた手引を作成し、各自治体にチェックの徹底を求めた。安全性を考慮すれば、可能な限り早期に撤去すべきだろう。
Meanwhile, many schools are not prepared to serve as local disaster-management centers. Among public schools designated by municipalities as emergency shelters, only 28 percent have in-house power generators, while 34 percent are equipped with water reservoirs and other useful devices.
学校の防災拠点としての備えも心もとない。自治体から避難所に指定された公立学校のうち、自家発電装置がある学校は２８％、貯水槽などを設置している学校は３４％にとどまっている。
In the Great East Japan Earthquake, many people were forced to take refuge amid prolonged power outages and cuts in water supply. We urge municipalities’ disaster-management sections and boards of education to work together to make necessary preprations.
東日本大震災では停電や断水が続き、多くの住民が過酷な避難生活を強いられた。自治体の防災部門と教育委員会が連携して、必要な設備を整えてもらいたい。
It is also crucial to raise public awareness through education. Last year, public high schools in Tokyo began a project in which students stay at their schools overnight, prepare meals outdoors and receive training in conducting rescue activities.
防災教育などソフト面の対策も重要だ。都立高校では昨年から、生徒が学校に宿泊し、炊き出しや救護の体験訓練を行っている。
If high school students gain experience such as taking care of the elderly through the training, they could play a key role in operating shelters in disasters. Regularly cultivating the spirit of volunteerism could prove to be useful in an emergency.
高校生がお年寄りの世話などを経験すれば、避難所運営の貴重な担い手になろう。日頃からボランティア精神を育んでおくことが、いざという時に役立つはずだ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 17, 2013)
（2013年8月17日01時40分 読売新聞）
The Yomiuri Shimbun August 17, 2013
Is Japan an important neighbor for S. Korea amid unresolved issues?
韓国大統領演説 日本を重要な隣国と言うなら（8月16日付・読売社説）
First, political leaders should make their own efforts to have a direct personal dialogue to restore a relationship of trust between their two nations.
国家間の信頼関係を回復するには、政治指導者がまず、対話に取り組む努力をすべきである。
For the first time since taking office, South Korean President Park Geun Hye made a speech marking the country’s day of independence from Japan’s colonial rule.
韓国の朴槿恵大統領が日本の植民地支配からの解放記念日にあたる「光復節」式典で初めて演説した。
Park said in the speech that Japan is an important neighbor South Korea can work with to establish peace and prosperity in Northeast Asia, but she added that recent situation over historical issues is darkening the future of the two countries.
朴大統領は、「日本は北東アジアの平和と繁栄をともに築いていく重要な隣国」と前置きした上で、「しかし、歴史問題を巡る最近の状況が韓日両国の未来を暗くしている」と述べた。
Her remark is apparently an expression of distrust toward Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s administration, whose “rightward tilt” South Korea is wary of.
韓国が「右傾化」と警戒する安倍政権への不信の表明だろう。
However, Park generally kept her criticism of Japan restrained in her independence day speech.
ただ、光復節演説で、朴大統領の日本への批判は、全体的には、抑制的だったと言える。
She moderated her expressions of emotion and avoided direct references to so-called comfort women and the territorial issue over the Takeshima islands. The president might have wanted to avoid further deterioration of South Korea’s relations with Japan.
感情的な表現は抑え、慰安婦や竹島問題への直接的な言及も避けた。対日関係のこれ以上の悪化は避けたかったのかもしれない。
Even so, Park demanded that Tokyo take tangible action. The Japanese government should take “responsible and sincere measures to alleviate the pain of those who live with suffering and wounds arisen from past history,” she said in the speech.
とは言え、朴大統領は、慰安婦問題を念頭に、「過去の歴史による苦痛と傷を今も抱えて暮らす人に対し、痛みを癒やせるよう責任と誠意ある措置を期待する」と、日本に具体的行動を求めた。
The comfort women issue is a thorn in the side of Japan-South Korea relations. It is unreasonable that South Korea has ignored the background of the issue and demanded that Japan alone resolve it.
慰安婦問題は、日韓関係の喉元に突き刺さる棘(とげ)だ。過去の経緯を無視して、日本に解決策を求められても無理がある。
Japan believes that Tokyo and Seoul agreed to resolve the comfort women compensation issue by signing a bilateral agreement on property claims and economic cooperation in 1965. Moreover, the Japanese government has made an effort to fulfill its moral responsibility on the matter.
元慰安婦への補償は、１９６５年の日韓請求権協定で法的に解決済み、というのが日本の立場だ。それでも日本政府は、道義的な責任を果たす努力は示した。
The government collected donations totaling ¥600 million from the public and set up the Asian Women’s Fund, based on which a relief project for former comfort women was begun, including payments of atonement money.
国民から約６億円の募金を集め、アジア女性基金で始めた元慰安婦に対する「償い金」支給などの救済事業のことである。
However, the South Korean side criticized Japan’s effort as avoidance of responsibility. As a result, many of the former comfort women in South Korea did not accept the atonement money, and the fund was disbanded.
それを韓国側は、日本政府の責任回避と批判した。韓国では結局、多くの元慰安婦が受け取らないまま、基金も解散してしまった。
Abe, Park should have talks
South Korea has only demanded that Japan make concessions and has refused to have a dialogue or other exchanges. We hope Seoul will change such attitudes.
歴史認識問題で日本に一方的な譲歩だけを求めて、対話や交流を拒むようなやり方を、韓国は改めてもらいたい。
Meanwhile, Abe opted not to visit Yasukuni Shrine on Thursday but gave a donation from his own pocket to make an offering of a branch of a sacred tree. The prime minister showed a certain consideration for China and South Korea, which are trying to make visits to Yasukuni Shrine a diplomatic issue because Class-A war criminals are enshrined there together with many other war dead. Only three of the Abe Cabinet members visited the shrine.
一方、この日、安倍首相は靖国神社参拝を見送り、私費で玉串料を奉納した。「Ａ級戦犯」の合祀(ごうし)を理由に、中国や韓国が、靖国参拝を外交問題化させていることを受け、一定の配慮を見せたものだ。参拝した閣僚は３人だった。
As Park admitted, Japan and South Korea are important neighbors. However, abnormal situations have continued between them because no meeting of their top leaders has been held since the governments changed in both countries.
日韓は、朴大統領も認めた通り、重要な隣国関係にある。しかし、両国の政権交代後も、首脳会談が開かれないという異常な状況が続いている。
The two countries have many significant issues on which they share interests, including joint efforts to deal with North Korea, which persists in developing nuclear weapons, and enhancement of their economic partnership. It would be a problem if their leaders do not talk because Japan and South Korea cannot reach agreements over history and territorial issues. Their attitudes toward improving bilateral relations would be called into question.
核開発を進める北朝鮮への対応や経済連携の強化など、重要な課題は多い。歴史や領土問題で一致しないからと言って、首脳が協議もしないのは問題だ。関係改善へ、双方の姿勢が問われよう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 16, 2013)
（2013年8月16日01時27分 読売新聞）
Is Japan an important neighbor for S. Korea amid unresolved issues?
韓国大統領演説 日本を重要な隣国と言うなら（8月16日付・読売社説）
First, political leaders should make their own efforts to have a direct personal dialogue to restore a relationship of trust between their two nations.
国家間の信頼関係を回復するには、政治指導者がまず、対話に取り組む努力をすべきである。
For the first time since taking office, South Korean President Park Geun Hye made a speech marking the country’s day of independence from Japan’s colonial rule.
韓国の朴槿恵大統領が日本の植民地支配からの解放記念日にあたる「光復節」式典で初めて演説した。
Park said in the speech that Japan is an important neighbor South Korea can work with to establish peace and prosperity in Northeast Asia, but she added that recent situation over historical issues is darkening the future of the two countries.
朴大統領は、「日本は北東アジアの平和と繁栄をともに築いていく重要な隣国」と前置きした上で、「しかし、歴史問題を巡る最近の状況が韓日両国の未来を暗くしている」と述べた。
Her remark is apparently an expression of distrust toward Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s administration, whose “rightward tilt” South Korea is wary of.
韓国が「右傾化」と警戒する安倍政権への不信の表明だろう。
However, Park generally kept her criticism of Japan restrained in her independence day speech.
ただ、光復節演説で、朴大統領の日本への批判は、全体的には、抑制的だったと言える。
She moderated her expressions of emotion and avoided direct references to so-called comfort women and the territorial issue over the Takeshima islands. The president might have wanted to avoid further deterioration of South Korea’s relations with Japan.
感情的な表現は抑え、慰安婦や竹島問題への直接的な言及も避けた。対日関係のこれ以上の悪化は避けたかったのかもしれない。
Even so, Park demanded that Tokyo take tangible action. The Japanese government should take “responsible and sincere measures to alleviate the pain of those who live with suffering and wounds arisen from past history,” she said in the speech.
とは言え、朴大統領は、慰安婦問題を念頭に、「過去の歴史による苦痛と傷を今も抱えて暮らす人に対し、痛みを癒やせるよう責任と誠意ある措置を期待する」と、日本に具体的行動を求めた。
The comfort women issue is a thorn in the side of Japan-South Korea relations. It is unreasonable that South Korea has ignored the background of the issue and demanded that Japan alone resolve it.
慰安婦問題は、日韓関係の喉元に突き刺さる棘(とげ)だ。過去の経緯を無視して、日本に解決策を求められても無理がある。
Japan believes that Tokyo and Seoul agreed to resolve the comfort women compensation issue by signing a bilateral agreement on property claims and economic cooperation in 1965. Moreover, the Japanese government has made an effort to fulfill its moral responsibility on the matter.
元慰安婦への補償は、１９６５年の日韓請求権協定で法的に解決済み、というのが日本の立場だ。それでも日本政府は、道義的な責任を果たす努力は示した。
The government collected donations totaling ¥600 million from the public and set up the Asian Women’s Fund, based on which a relief project for former comfort women was begun, including payments of atonement money.
国民から約６億円の募金を集め、アジア女性基金で始めた元慰安婦に対する「償い金」支給などの救済事業のことである。
However, the South Korean side criticized Japan’s effort as avoidance of responsibility. As a result, many of the former comfort women in South Korea did not accept the atonement money, and the fund was disbanded.
それを韓国側は、日本政府の責任回避と批判した。韓国では結局、多くの元慰安婦が受け取らないまま、基金も解散してしまった。
Abe, Park should have talks
South Korea has only demanded that Japan make concessions and has refused to have a dialogue or other exchanges. We hope Seoul will change such attitudes.
歴史認識問題で日本に一方的な譲歩だけを求めて、対話や交流を拒むようなやり方を、韓国は改めてもらいたい。
Meanwhile, Abe opted not to visit Yasukuni Shrine on Thursday but gave a donation from his own pocket to make an offering of a branch of a sacred tree. The prime minister showed a certain consideration for China and South Korea, which are trying to make visits to Yasukuni Shrine a diplomatic issue because Class-A war criminals are enshrined there together with many other war dead. Only three of the Abe Cabinet members visited the shrine.
一方、この日、安倍首相は靖国神社参拝を見送り、私費で玉串料を奉納した。「Ａ級戦犯」の合祀(ごうし)を理由に、中国や韓国が、靖国参拝を外交問題化させていることを受け、一定の配慮を見せたものだ。参拝した閣僚は３人だった。
As Park admitted, Japan and South Korea are important neighbors. However, abnormal situations have continued between them because no meeting of their top leaders has been held since the governments changed in both countries.
日韓は、朴大統領も認めた通り、重要な隣国関係にある。しかし、両国の政権交代後も、首脳会談が開かれないという異常な状況が続いている。
The two countries have many significant issues on which they share interests, including joint efforts to deal with North Korea, which persists in developing nuclear weapons, and enhancement of their economic partnership. It would be a problem if their leaders do not talk because Japan and South Korea cannot reach agreements over history and territorial issues. Their attitudes toward improving bilateral relations would be called into question.
核開発を進める北朝鮮への対応や経済連携の強化など、重要な課題は多い。歴史や領土問題で一致しないからと言って、首脳が協議もしないのは問題だ。関係改善へ、双方の姿勢が問われよう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 16, 2013)
（2013年8月16日01時27分 読売新聞）
The Yomiuri Shimbun August 17, 2013
International pressure needed to stop bloodshed in Egypt
エジプト騒乱 流血の拡大をまず食い止めよ（8月16日付・読売社説）
Egypt has seen its bloodiest incident since the autocratic rule of Hosni Mubarak ended in 2011.
２０１１年のムバラク独裁政権崩壊以降、最悪の流血の事態となった。
An early end to the violence is to be hoped for, but a bumpy road lies ahead.
一日も早い収束が望まれるが、前途は多難だ。
Egypt’s military-led interim government crushed sit-in protests by supporters of ousted President Mohammed Morsi in Cairo on Wednesday. His supporters clashed with government security forces across the country, resulting in a death toll that the Egyptian Health Ministry reported as more than 500.
エジプト軍主導の暫定政府が、カイロで、モルシ前大統領支持派による座り込みを強制排除した。モルシ派は全土で治安部隊と衝突し、保健省の発表で死者数は５００人を超えた。
The interim government declared a one-month state of emergency, but there is no prospect of the chaos subsiding. Eyewitnesses say security forces fired live bullets at rally participants. The government cannot escape condemnation for using excessive force.
暫定政府は１か月間の非常事態を宣言したものの、沈静化へのメドは立っていない。治安部隊がデモ参加者を実弾で撃ったとの目撃証言もある。過度の実力行使をしたとの非難は、免れまい。
Diplomatic efforts by the United States and the European Union to avoid clashes between the military-led government and Morsi’s supporters have come to nothing.
軍・暫定政府と、モルシ派の衝突を回避しようとした米国と欧州連合（ＥＵ）による外交努力は、水泡に帰した。
It was natural that the United States and the EU strongly condemned the interim government over its brutal crushing of the demonstrations. Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida has expressed “strong concern and anxiety” about the bloody incident.
米国やＥＵが、強制排除で多数の死者が出たことを強く非難したのは当然だ。岸田外相も「強い懸念と憂慮の念」を表明した。
Secularist Mohamed ElBaradei, a former director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency, resigned as Egypt’s vice president in protest, saying “there must have been a more peaceful choice.”
世俗派代表の副大統領だったエルバラダイ前国際原子力機関（ＩＡＥＡ）事務局長は、「より平和的な選択肢があったはずだ」と述べ、辞表を提出した。
The military ousted and detained Morsi in a de facto coup in July. Even after the establishment of the interim government, the military increased pressure on the Muslim Brotherhood, Morsi’s main support base, in such ways as seeking criminal charges against its leaders on suspicion of instigating riots.
軍は、７月の事実上のクーデターで、モルシ氏を解任し、拘束した。暫定政府の樹立後も、モルシ派の中心であるイスラム主義組織「ムスリム同胞団」に対し、暴力扇動などの疑いで幹部の刑事責任を問うなど圧力を強めていた。
Brotherhood also to blame
The Muslim Brotherhood is also to blame for the situation.
こうした事態を招いた責任は、同胞団側にもある。
Despite the Morsi administration having made policy blunders that worsened the economy and reduced public safety, the Brotherhood clung to its demand for Morsi’s reinstatement after he was deposed. The Islamist organization rejected dialogue with the military-led provisional government, thereby intensifying confrontation.
同胞団は、モルシ政権が経済や治安の悪化など失政を重ねたにもかかわらず、モルシ氏復職の要求に固執してきた。軍・暫定政府との対話にも応じず、対立を激化させている。
The interim government has announced a road map for democratization that calls for revising the Constitution within this year, holding a parliamentary election early next year and then calling a new presidential election.
暫定政府は、年内に憲法を改正し、来年初めには議会選を実施して、大統領選を行うという民主化への行程表を発表している。
But without participation of the Brotherhood, the biggest political force in Egypt, in the process of reinstating a civilian government, it will hardly be possible to realize social and political stability. To help achieve a return to civilian rule, the interim government should take conciliatory steps such as releasing Morsi in preparation for resuming dialogue with its political adversaries.
しかし、最大の政治勢力である同胞団の民政復帰プロセスへの参加を得られなければ、社会や政治の安定は到底望めない。暫定政府は民政復帰を実現するために、モルシ氏の解放など、対話再開の環境を整えるべきではないか。
The Brotherhood, for its part, should take a more flexible stance toward dialogue.
同胞団も、より柔軟な姿勢で対話を模索すべきだ。
Arab Spring reforms still have a long way to go. If the chaos is protracted in Egypt, a great regional power, there is concern that the stabilization of the Middle East as a whole will be further delayed.
「アラブの春」の変革は、なお途上にある。地域大国エジプトの混乱が長引くと、中東全体の安定化が遠のく懸念がある。
As long as the military-led interim government continues to use force against its opponents, the situation will only go from bad to worse. International pressure must be brought to bear in such ways as suspending military assistance by the United States, Egypt’s biggest aid donor, thereby forcing the interim government to refrain from bloodily quashing its political foes.
軍・暫定政府が強権行使をやめない限り、事態は深刻化するだけである。最大の支援国である米国が軍事援助を一時停止するなど、国際的圧力を強化して、弾圧をやめさせなければならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 16, 2013)
（2013年8月16日01時27分 読売新聞）
International pressure needed to stop bloodshed in Egypt
エジプト騒乱 流血の拡大をまず食い止めよ（8月16日付・読売社説）
Egypt has seen its bloodiest incident since the autocratic rule of Hosni Mubarak ended in 2011.
２０１１年のムバラク独裁政権崩壊以降、最悪の流血の事態となった。
An early end to the violence is to be hoped for, but a bumpy road lies ahead.
一日も早い収束が望まれるが、前途は多難だ。
Egypt’s military-led interim government crushed sit-in protests by supporters of ousted President Mohammed Morsi in Cairo on Wednesday. His supporters clashed with government security forces across the country, resulting in a death toll that the Egyptian Health Ministry reported as more than 500.
エジプト軍主導の暫定政府が、カイロで、モルシ前大統領支持派による座り込みを強制排除した。モルシ派は全土で治安部隊と衝突し、保健省の発表で死者数は５００人を超えた。
The interim government declared a one-month state of emergency, but there is no prospect of the chaos subsiding. Eyewitnesses say security forces fired live bullets at rally participants. The government cannot escape condemnation for using excessive force.
暫定政府は１か月間の非常事態を宣言したものの、沈静化へのメドは立っていない。治安部隊がデモ参加者を実弾で撃ったとの目撃証言もある。過度の実力行使をしたとの非難は、免れまい。
Diplomatic efforts by the United States and the European Union to avoid clashes between the military-led government and Morsi’s supporters have come to nothing.
軍・暫定政府と、モルシ派の衝突を回避しようとした米国と欧州連合（ＥＵ）による外交努力は、水泡に帰した。
It was natural that the United States and the EU strongly condemned the interim government over its brutal crushing of the demonstrations. Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida has expressed “strong concern and anxiety” about the bloody incident.
米国やＥＵが、強制排除で多数の死者が出たことを強く非難したのは当然だ。岸田外相も「強い懸念と憂慮の念」を表明した。
Secularist Mohamed ElBaradei, a former director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency, resigned as Egypt’s vice president in protest, saying “there must have been a more peaceful choice.”
世俗派代表の副大統領だったエルバラダイ前国際原子力機関（ＩＡＥＡ）事務局長は、「より平和的な選択肢があったはずだ」と述べ、辞表を提出した。
The military ousted and detained Morsi in a de facto coup in July. Even after the establishment of the interim government, the military increased pressure on the Muslim Brotherhood, Morsi’s main support base, in such ways as seeking criminal charges against its leaders on suspicion of instigating riots.
軍は、７月の事実上のクーデターで、モルシ氏を解任し、拘束した。暫定政府の樹立後も、モルシ派の中心であるイスラム主義組織「ムスリム同胞団」に対し、暴力扇動などの疑いで幹部の刑事責任を問うなど圧力を強めていた。
Brotherhood also to blame
The Muslim Brotherhood is also to blame for the situation.
こうした事態を招いた責任は、同胞団側にもある。
Despite the Morsi administration having made policy blunders that worsened the economy and reduced public safety, the Brotherhood clung to its demand for Morsi’s reinstatement after he was deposed. The Islamist organization rejected dialogue with the military-led provisional government, thereby intensifying confrontation.
同胞団は、モルシ政権が経済や治安の悪化など失政を重ねたにもかかわらず、モルシ氏復職の要求に固執してきた。軍・暫定政府との対話にも応じず、対立を激化させている。
The interim government has announced a road map for democratization that calls for revising the Constitution within this year, holding a parliamentary election early next year and then calling a new presidential election.
暫定政府は、年内に憲法を改正し、来年初めには議会選を実施して、大統領選を行うという民主化への行程表を発表している。
But without participation of the Brotherhood, the biggest political force in Egypt, in the process of reinstating a civilian government, it will hardly be possible to realize social and political stability. To help achieve a return to civilian rule, the interim government should take conciliatory steps such as releasing Morsi in preparation for resuming dialogue with its political adversaries.
しかし、最大の政治勢力である同胞団の民政復帰プロセスへの参加を得られなければ、社会や政治の安定は到底望めない。暫定政府は民政復帰を実現するために、モルシ氏の解放など、対話再開の環境を整えるべきではないか。
The Brotherhood, for its part, should take a more flexible stance toward dialogue.
同胞団も、より柔軟な姿勢で対話を模索すべきだ。
Arab Spring reforms still have a long way to go. If the chaos is protracted in Egypt, a great regional power, there is concern that the stabilization of the Middle East as a whole will be further delayed.
「アラブの春」の変革は、なお途上にある。地域大国エジプトの混乱が長引くと、中東全体の安定化が遠のく懸念がある。
As long as the military-led interim government continues to use force against its opponents, the situation will only go from bad to worse. International pressure must be brought to bear in such ways as suspending military assistance by the United States, Egypt’s biggest aid donor, thereby forcing the interim government to refrain from bloodily quashing its political foes.
軍・暫定政府が強権行使をやめない限り、事態は深刻化するだけである。最大の支援国である米国が軍事援助を一時停止するなど、国際的圧力を強化して、弾圧をやめさせなければならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 16, 2013)
（2013年8月16日01時27分 読売新聞）
スポンサードリンク
プロフィール
カイちゃん父親に花束を捧げる
タイのスラチャイです
妻はタイ人、娘ばかり３人も！ 
■近況
２００９年の９月１５日に脳梗塞を発症、右手が少し不自由になりました。
MRAで脳梗塞の部位を特定でき、素早い処置をとれたので大事に至りませんでした。
快復にむけてリハビリ中です。
(2011/01/01更新)
■自己紹介・リンク
[ はじめに ]
タイのスラチャイです。
英語学習に王道はありません。
毎日毎日の地道な努力の積み重ねが必要です。
スラチャイはＮＨＫのラジオ英語会話で現在の英語力を身につけました。
一日僅か１５分の学習でも数年間継続すれば相当な学習効果が期待できます。
[ 名前 ]
松井 清 （スラチャイ）
[ 略歴 ]
・福岡県出身
・国立高知大学卒業
・準大手建設会社に就職
・50歳で会社を早期退職
・99/10 タイ全土を旅行
・00/10 タイに移住
・03/07 カイちゃん誕生
・07/06 シーファーちゃん誕生
・現在タイ国コンケン在住
[ 座右の銘 ]
Slow and steady wins the race.
遅くとも着実な者が勝利する
（NHK基礎英語芹沢栄先生）
[ 学習の手引き ]
・音読して耳から英語を吸収
・Think in English.
・ネイティブ発音付辞書活用
・英英辞典を活用（英和も）
・翻訳和文で専門用語確認
[ English Newspapers ]
Yomiuri
Mainichi
Asahi
Japan Times
Washington Post
Newyork Times
Bangkok Post
The Nations
Phuket Gazette
[ 英字新聞の英和対訳学習 ]
英字新聞（読売）
英字新聞（毎日）
英字新聞（朝日）
英字新聞（朝日２）
[ スラチャイ編集の辞書 ]
タイ日辞書（改訂版）
日タイ辞書（改訂版）
ラオ日辞書
日ラオ辞書
[ 英字新聞リンク ]
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seesaa100 英字新聞s HPs １
スラチャイの家族紹介
私の家族
スラチャイの手作りリンク集
スラチャイタイ在住９年目
中国語会話基礎（北京語）
タイ日辞典（単語帳）
タイ語の子音
タイ語の母音
スラチャイ編曲のmidiのギター曲
スラチャイ編曲のJ.S.Bachです
スラチャイの多国言語学習
初歩のタイ語
初歩の中国語
初歩のラオス語
初歩のビルマ語
初歩のシンハリ語
初歩のタガログ語
タイ語の基礎
タイ文字
タイ日辞書
タイ語の副詞
タイ語の前置詞
タイ語の助動詞
タイ語の接続詞
基礎タイ語一覧（タイ文字、ローマ字）
seesaaサイト内リンク一覧：
01 あいさつ
02 別れのあいさつ
03 声をかけるとき
04 感謝の言葉と答え方
05 謝罪の言葉と答え方
06 聞き直すとき
07 相手の言うことがわからないとき
08 うまく言えないとき
09 一般的なあいづち
10 よくわからないときの返事
11 強めのあいづち
12 自分について述べるとき
13 相手のことを尋ねるとき
14 頼みごとをするとき
15 申し出・依頼を断るとき
16 許可を求めるとき
17 説明してもらうとき
18 確認を求めるとき
19 状況を知りたいとき
20 値段の尋ね方と断り方
21 急いでもらいたいとき
22 待ってもらいたいとき
23 日時・場所・天候を尋ねるとき
24 その他
基礎タイ語一覧(タイ文字、音声付き）
サイト外HPリンク一覧：
01 あいさつ
02 別れのあいさつ
03 声をかけるとき
04 感謝の言葉と答え方
05 謝罪の言葉と答え方
06 聞き直すとき
07 相手の言うことがわからないとき
08 うまく言えないとき
09 一般的なあいづち
10 よくわからないときの返事
11 強めのあいづち
12 自分について述べるとき
13 相手のことを尋ねるとき
14 頼みごとをするとき
15 申し出・依頼を断るとき
16 許可を求めるとき
17 説明してもらうとき
18 確認を求めるとき
19 状況を知りたいとき
20 値段の尋ね方と断り方
21 急いでもらいたいとき
22 待ってもらいたいとき
23 日時・場所・天候を尋ねるとき
24 その他
seesaa100 英字新聞s HPs ２
タイの文化一覧:
01 雨の日にも傘をささないタイ人
02 勉強熱心なタイ人女性たち
03 タイ人は敬謙な仏教徒
04 タイの市場
05 タイの食堂
06 タイ人は外食が大好き
07 果物王国タイランド
08 タイ人の誕生日
09 タイの電話代は高い
10 微笑みの国タイランド
1４の戒律（テラワーダ仏教戒律）
seesaaサイト内リンク一覧：
第０１番目の戒律
第０２番目の戒律
第０３番目の戒律
第０４番目の戒律
第０５番目の戒律
第０６番目の戒律
第０７番目の戒律
第０８番目の戒律
第０９番目の戒律
第１０番目の戒律
第１１番目の戒律
第１２番目の戒律
第１３番目の戒律
第１４番目の戒律
1４の戒律（テラワーダ仏教戒律）
サイト外HPリンク一覧：
１４の戒律解説
第０１番目の戒律
第０２番目の戒律
第０３番目の戒律
第０４番目の戒律
第０５番目の戒律
第０６番目の戒律
第０７番目の戒律
第０８番目の戒律
第０９番目の戒律
第１０番目の戒律
第１１番目の戒律
第１２番目の戒律
第１３番目の戒律
第１４番目の戒律
[ 英字新聞リンク ]
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[ HPリンク ]
HP2 srachai2000_2
Japanese for Thai students
タイ語学習サイト
ラオ日・日老辞書
cocolog 家族のアルバム
fc2 家族のアルバム
